Table 1.
Research focus areas of literature reviews conducted.
| Year | Paper | Number of Times Cited | Focus on IoT Domain | Focus on Botnet and Types | Attack Architecture and Types | Evaluation of Attacks | Focus on Botnet DDOS Attacks | Analyze Different Detection Techniques | Taxonomy of Botnet Attacks and Detection Techniques | ML/DL Solutions | Current Threats and Trends | Open Questions and Discussion |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2009 | A survey of botnet and botnet detection [5] | 192 | ✓ | ✓ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✓ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ |
| 2013 | Botnets: A survey [6] | 310 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✗ | ✓ | ✓ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ |
| 2015 | A survey on Botnet: Classification, detection and defense [7] | 13 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ |
| 2017 | A survey of distributed denial-of-service attack, prevention, and mitigation techniques [8] | 200 | ✗ | ✗ | ✓ | ✓ | ✗ | ✓ | ✗ | ✗ | ✓ | ✓ |
| 2020 | A survey of DDoS attacking techniques and defence mechanisms in the IoT network [9] | 149 | ✓ | ✗ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✗ | ✓ |
| 2020 | Survey on Artificial Intelligence Based Resilient Recovery of Botnet Attack [10] | 2 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✗ | ✗ | ✓ | ✗ | ✓ | ✗ | ✗ |
| 2020 | Distributed denial of service attacks and its defenses in IoT: a survey [11] | 95 | ✓ | ✗ | ✓ | ✓ | ✗ | ✓ | ✗ | ✓ | ✓ | ✗ |
| 2021 | Detecting Internet of Things Bots: A Comparative Study [12] | 9 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✗ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| 2021 | Survey on botnets: Incentives, evolution, detection and current trends [13] | 19 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✗ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✗ | ✗ |
| 2021 | IoT-based botnet attacks systematic mapping study of literature [14] | 8 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ |
| 2021 | Detection of Distributed Denial of Service Attack in an Internet of Things Environment—A Review [15] | 6 | ✓ | ✗ | ✓ | ✗ | ✗ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✗ | ✗ |
| 2021 | Internet of Things Applications, Security Challenges, Attacks, Intrusion Detection, and Future Visions: A Systematic Review [16] | 101 | ✓ | ✗ | ✓ | ✓ | ✗ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✗ |
| 2022 | Deep learning approaches for detecting DDoS attacks: a systematic review [17] | 18 | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✓ | ✗ | ✓ |
| 2022 | Blockchain Based Solutions to Mitigate Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) Attacks in the Internet of Things (IoT): A Survey [18] | 27 | ✓ | ✗ | ✓ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✓ | ✗ | ✓ | ✓ |
| 2022 | A Taxonomy for Internet of Things in Security Distributed Denial of Service Attacks [19] | 0 | ✓ | ✗ | ✓ | ✓ | ✗ | ✓ | ✗ | ✓ | ✗ | ✓ |
| 2023 | The evolution of Mirai botnet scans over a six-year period [20] | 0 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✗ | ✗ | ✗ | ✓ | ✗ | ✗ |
| 2024 | This Paper | - | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |