Table 2.

Previous cases of nephrogenic adenoma after kidney transplantation.

Year	Author	Number of Cases	Supposed precipitating factors	CMV testing	Total
1975	Gordon et al. (22)	1	Impaired immunologic surveillance	Not reported	1
1982	Behesti et al. (23)	1	Renal transplantation, UTI	Not reported	2
1988	Gonzalez et al. (24)	8	Renal transplantation	Not reported	10
1992	Zeidan et al. (25)	2	Renal transplantation, transurethral resection of the prostate	Not reported	12
1995	Colombo et al. (26)	5	Mechanical trauma and recurrent UTI	3 with postoperative systemic CMV infection, 2–4 years before nephrogenic adenoma	17
1996	Fournier et al. (8)	9	Ureterovesical anastomosis, chronic prostatitis, vesicorenal reflux, cyclophosphamide, condyloma	No viroid inclusions in biopsy	26
1997	Tse et al. (27)	7	Immunosuppression, ureterovesical anastomosis, recurrent UTI, changes of JJ stents	Not reported	33
1998	Banyai-Falger et al. (7)	7	Recurrent UTI, surgical procedure of renal transplantation	2 with CMV disease, unrelated to nephrogenic adenoma	40
1998	Pycha et al. (28)	12	Renal transplantation, inflammation	Not reported	52
2002	Whang et al. (29)	1	Kidney-pancreas transplantation with drainage of the pancreas into the bladder	Not reported	53
2002	Mazal et al. (17)	29	Shedding of renal tubular cells due to trauma, infection and/or immunosuppression	Not reported	82
2008	Kim et al. (30)	1	UTI and bladder stones	Not reported	83
2009	Ladenheim et al. (31)	1	Renal transplantation	Not reported	84
2013	Voss et al. (32)	1	Renal transplantation	Not reported	85
2014	Kuzaka et al. (33)	2	Renal transplantation, immunosuppression, reoperation	Not reported	87
2015	Alexiev et al. (34)	1	BK Virus infection	Not reported	88
2017	North et al. (35)	1	Recurrent UTI	Not reported	89
2020	Kahn et al. (36)	1	Surgery	Not reported	90

CMV, cytomegalovirus; UTI, urinary tract infection; JJ, double J.