| Presentation (%) | Associated medical history (%) |
|---|---|
| Pulmonary oedema (52) | Ischaemic heart disease (54) |
| Congestive heart failure, with fluid overload (32) | Hypertension (34) |
| Myocardial infarction and heart failure (9) | Valve disease (12); previous stroke (10) |
| Associated atrial fibrillation (29) | Diabetes mellitus (19); peripheral vascular disease (13); cardiomyopathy (1) |