Table 1.
Samples’ demographic and neurocognitive data.
| HCs (n = 90) | bvFTD (n = 42) | AD (n = 54) | PD (n = 59) | Stats | Post-hoc comparisons | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| Demographics | ||||||
| Sex (M:F) | 39:51 | 26:16 | 22:32 | 35:24 | χ2 = 7.87, P = 0.048* | HCs-bvFTD: P = 0.071; HCs-AD: P = 0.896; HCs-PD: P = 0.081 |
| Age a | 71.21 (6.82) | 69.45 (9.67) | 74.65 (5.82) | 67.9 (9.01) | F = 7.69, P < 0.001*, ηp2 = 0.08 | HCs-bvFTD: P = 0.618; HCs-AD: P = 0.051; HCs-PD: P = 0.054 |
| Education | 13.4 (3.92) | 13.98 (4.61) | 11.7 (4.82) | 11.8 (4.7) | F = 3.61, P = 0.013*, ηp2 = 0.04 | HCs-bvFTD: P = 0.899; HCs-AD: P = 0.120; HCs-PD: P = 0.138 |
| Handedness (R:L) | 85:1 | 35:1 | 50:1 | 56:2 | – | – |
| Cognitive assessment | ||||||
| MoCA a | 25.72 (3.15) | 20.69 (4.94) | 17.27 (4.38) | 23.33 (4.44) | F = 50.22, P < 0.001*, ηp2 = 0.39 | HCs-bvFTD: P < 0.001*; HCs-AD: P < 0.001*; HCs-PD: P = 0.003* |
| IFS a | 22.08 (3.69) | 18.81 (5.26) | 14.95 (4.98) | 19.21 (4.85) | F = 27.39, P < 0.001*, ηp2 = 0.26 | HCs-bvFTD: P = 0.001*; HCs-AD: P < 0.001*; HCs-PD: P = 0.001* |
Results are presented as mean (SD). The asterisk (*) indicates significant differences with an alpha level of P < 0.05.
a
indicates variables with significant differences (P < 0.05) between neurodegenerative groups, precluding comparisons between them in our target measures. Demographic and cognitive data were assessed through ANOVAs and Tukey post-hoc pairwise comparisons –except for sex, which was analyzed via Pearson’s chi-squared (χ2) test. Effects sizes were calculated through partial eta (ηp2). AD: Alzheimer’s disease, bvFTD: behavioral-variant frontotemporal dementia, HCs: healthy controls, IFS: INECO Frontal Screening, MoCA: Montreal Cognitive Assessment, PD: Parkinson’s disease.