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. 2024 May 31;12:1385712. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1385712

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Copyright © 2024 Calligaris, Zito, Busà, Bulati, Iannolo, Gallo, Carreca, Cuscino, Castelbuono, Carcione, Centi, Amico, Bertani, Chinnici, Conaldi, Scilabra and Miceli.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Protein secretion profiles of exosomes (EXOs) derived from unprimed hAMSC ctrl and primed hAMSCs under hypoxia (HYP) or IFN-γ. (A) Secretion clusters (z-scores) of both up- and downregulated proteins in EXOs derived from hAMSCs (hAMSC EXOs), hypoxic hAMSCs (HYP EXOs) and IFN-γ-treated hAMSCs (IFN-γ EXOs). (B) Principal component analysis (PCA). (C) Volcano plot analysis (fold change >1.5 and p < 0.05) of secreted protein in HYP EXOs vs. ctrl EXOs and (D) IFN-γ EXOs vs. ctrl EXOs. (E) Venn diagram showing the number of upregulated proteins in HYP EXOs and IFN-γ EXOs. (F) Number of GO-enriched terms associated with upregulated HYP EXO and (G) IFN-γ EXO proteins grouped by category. (H) GO enrichment terms of HYP EXO- and (I) IFN-γ EXO-upregulated proteins; partial list of the 30 most significantly enriched terms.