Table 1.
Risk Factor Control Among US Adults With ASCVD, 1999 to 2002 to 2015 to 2018, Weighted
| Risk factor control | Adults with ASCVD, % (95% CI)* | P joinpoint † | P trend ‡ | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1999–2002 (n=1096) | 2003–2006 (n=1129) | 2007–2010 (n=1246) | 2011–2014 (n=1049) | 2015–2018 (n=1197) | |||
| LDL‐C <70 mg/dL | 6.9 (4.4–10.8) | 14.2 (10.7–18.7) | 17.8 (14.5–21.5) | 21.0 (17.7–24.6) | 24.6 (19.0–31.2) | 0.42 | <0.001 |
| LDL‐C <100 mg/dL | 30.7 (23.7–38.7) | 46.2 (39.2–53.4) | 54.8 (50.0–59.4) | 59.2 (51.4–66.4) | 58.7 (53.3–63.9) | 0.01 | <0.001 |
| Non–HDL‐C <100 mg/dL | 7.1 (5.4–9.2) | 15.7 (12.5–19.5) | 22.5 (19.8–25.3) | 27.3 (23.1–31.8) | 30.9 (25.9–36.3) | 0.01 | <0.001 |
| Non–HDL‐C <130 mg/dL | 30.1 (24.9–35.9) | 42.7 (38.3–47.2) | 55 (51.8–58.2) | 55.2 (51.9–58.4) | 58.3 (54.0–62.5) | 0.02 | <0.001 |
| BP <130/80 mm Hg | 41.4 (36.6–46.3) | 42.7 (38.0–47.5) | 50.1 (46.4–53.9) | 52.6 (48.5–56.8) | 49.5 (44.9–54.2) | 0.04 | <0.001 |
| BP <140/90 mm Hg | 62.6 (58.2–66.8) | 64.1 (59.5–68.4) | 71.9 (69.0–74.7) | 74.1 (70.4–77.4) | 70.1 (65.8–74.1) | 0.14 | <0.001 |
| HbA1c <7% | 87.4 (84.9–89.5) | 89.6 (86.8–91.9) | 86.1 (82.9–88.8) | 84.2 (80.3–87.5) | 81.7 (77.6–85.2) | 0.05 | 0.001 |
| HbA1c <7% in those with self‐reported diabetes | 46.5 (38.3–54.9) | 63.3 (55.1–70.8) | 55.1 (48.1–62.0) | 49.7 (39.7–59.6) | 51.5 (42.5–60.4) | 0.07 | 0.009 |
| HbA1c <8% | 92.6 (90.4–94.3) | 95.4 (94.0–96.5) | 93.5 (91.3–95.1) | 91.2 (87.5–93.8) | 93.3 (90.8–95.1) | 0.05 | 0.51 |
| HbA1c <8% in those with self‐reported diabetes | 68.2 (59.6–75.7) | 83.4 (78.6–87.3) | 78.1 (71.9–83.3) | 70.8 (60.3–79.4) | 81.7 (74.8–87.0) | 0.09 | 0.32 |
| Obesity | 39.9 (35.2–44.7) | 40.4 (36.9–43.9) | 44.8 (41.9–47.7) | 44.9 (40.4–49.5) | 50.2 (45.7–54.8) | 0.70 | <0.001 |
| Current smoker | 20.1 (16.3–24.5) | 21.9 (19.1–24.9) | 19.8 (16.2–23.8) | 23.1 (19.7–26.8) | 22.9 (18.7–27.8) | 0.91 | 0.55 |
| Heavy alcohol consumption | 15.7 (11.8–20.4) | 17.8 (14.8–21.1) | 16.4 (14.1–19.1) | 19.4 (15.7–23.7) | 28.4 (22.8–34.9) | 0.06 | <0.001 |
| All controlled§ | 4.5 (3.0–6.7) | 9.4 (7.3–12.0) | 14.8 (12.5–17.5) | 18.4 (15.1–22.2) | 18.6 (14.8–23.2) | 0.02 | <0.001 |
ASCVD indicates atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; BP, blood pressure; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; LDL‐C, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; and Non–HDL‐C, non–high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (calculate as total cholesterol minus HDL‐C).
National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey weights were adjusted to generate nationally representative percentages.
Joinpoint regression was used to identify whether 1 joinpoint occurred, and statistical significance of the joinpoint was tested using the Monte Carlo permutation method.
The overall trend of risk factor control from 1999 to 2018 was analyzed using logistics regression modeling the survey cycle as a continuous variable.
All controlled was defined as HbA1c <7%, BP <140/90 mm Hg, and non–HDL <100 mg/dL.