Figure . Association between body mass index (BMI) variability (measured in SD and coefficient of variation [CV], per SD) and incident heart failure.

Models adjusted for age, sex, smoking history (current or previous smoking vs never smoking), frequent alcohol consumption (≥3 times per week vs less frequent), diabetes, hypertension, heart attack history, stroke history, atrial fibrillation history, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, low‐density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, triglycerides, estimated glomerular filtration rate, within‐participant mean BMI across longitudinal measures, and participant‐specific random slope of BMI change per year. In stratified analyses, corresponding variable for the stratification was not included (eg, sex was excluded in women or men only analysis). Stratified analysis among underweight group was not performed because of the small sample size and number of events. P values indicate the interaction between BMI variability and the variables of stratification. HR indicates hazard ratio.