Table 1.
Participant characteristics across inferred Lewy body subtypes
| SuStaIn Subtype | Subtype comparisons | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S1: OBT-early/Limbic-early | S2: OBT-early/Brainstem-early | S3: Brainstem-early/OBT-later | S1 vs S2 | S1 vs S3 | S2 vs S3 | ||||
| ß (se) | P | ß (se) | P | ß (se) | P | ||||
| N (%) | 475 | 165 | 141 | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Age at death (years) | 81.7 (8.0) | 82.2 (7.1) | 81.4 (7.8) | −0.58 (0.70) | 0.401 | 0.32 (0.74) | 0.664 | 0.91 (0.89) | 0.306 |
| Female (%) | 186 (39) | 62 (37.6) | 58 (41.1) | 0.07 (0.19) | 0.702 | −0.08 (0.20) | 0.693 | −0.15 (0.24) | 0.528 |
| Education, yearsa | 15.0 (2.9) | 14.7 (2.8) | 14.9 (2.6) | 0.36 (0.27) | 0.188 | 0.02 (0.31) | 0.945 | −0.34 (0.36) | 0.349 |
| APOE ε4 carriers (%)b | 217 (45.7) | 59 (35.8) | 43 (30.5) | 0.40 (0.19) | 0.035* | 0.68 (0.21) | 0.001* | 0.28 (0.25) | 0.252 |
| Clinicopathological diagnosis | |||||||||
| AD, n (%) | 239 (50.3) | 29 (17.6) | 12 (8.5) | 2.04 (0.27) | <0.001* | 3.41 (0.37) | <0.001* | 1.36 (3.41) | 0.001* |
| PD, n (%) | 89 (18.7) | 33 (20.0) | 46 (32.6) | −0.19 (0.24) | 1.000 | −0.99 (0.24) | <0.001* | −0.80 (0.28) | 0.018* |
| DLB, n (%) | 6 (1.3) | 5 (3.0) | 7 (5.0) | −0.94 (0.62) | 0.448 | −1.50 (0.57) | 0.063 | −0.56 (0.60) | 0.812 |
| Mixed AD and PD, n (%) | 38 (8.0) | 24 (14.5) | 12 (8.5) | −1.06 (0.31) | 0.070 | −0.45 (0.37) | 0.539 | 0.61 (0.40) | 0.445 |
| Mixed AD and DLB, n (%) | 67 (14.1) | 29 (17.6) | 31 (22) | −0.53 (0.27) | 0.185 | −1.00 (0.28) | 0.003* | −0.46 (0.32) | 0.355 |
| ILBD, n (%) | 25 (5.3) | 38 (23.0) | 21 (14.9) | −2.18 (0.32) | 0.042* | −1.36 (0.35) | 0.001* | 0.83 (0.35) | 0.042* |
| Other, n (%) | 11 (2.3) | 7 (4.2) | 12 (8.5) | −1.16 (0.53) | 0.098 | −1.61 (0.46) | 0.003* | −0.45 (0.52) | 0.905 |
| Total Lewy body densityc | 18.1 (12.2) | 18.0 (9.3) | 17.2 (10.3) | −0.28 (0.15) | 0.059 | 0.19 (0.16) | 0.226 | 0.47 (0.19) | 0.013* |
| Total plaque loadd | 10.7 (5.2) | 8.5 (5.6) | 6.0 (5.8) | 2.20 (0.49) | <0.001* | 4.77 (0.52) | <0.001* | 2.57 (0.62) | <0.001* |
| Total neurofibrillary tangle loade | 10.1 (4.5) | 7.4 (4.4) | 6.1 (4.2) | 2.65 (0.38) | <0.001* | 4.12 (0.40) | <0.001* | 1.47 (0.49) | 0.003* |
| Postmortem interval (hours) | 5.8 (11.2) | 5.5 (8.5) | 4.3 (5.3) | 0.30 (0.88) | 0.737 | 1.68 (0.94) | 0.074 | 1.38 (1.12) | 0.218 |
| MMSE scoref | 15.2 (9.5) | 21.4 (8.5) | 18.5 (9.1) | −6.08 (0.89) | <0.001* | −3.30 (0.99) | <0.001* | 2.78 (1.18) | 0.019* |
| △t MMSE and death (months) | 21.7 (2.2) | 21.2 (21.7) | 21.6 (22.1) | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Motor UPDRS scoreg | 28.8 (22.4) | 20.9 (21.6) | 32.3 (22.7) | 4.16 (2.59) | 0.109 | −5.56 (2.74) | 0.043* | −9.72 (3.24) | 0.003* |
| △t UPDRS and death (months) | 17.4 (17.2) | 20.0 (25.2) | 15.5 (18.6) | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| UPSIT scoreh | 16.4 (7.1) | 19.5 (8.4) | 15.9 (8.2) | −1.13 (0.98) | 0.248 | 2.40 (1.20) | 0.047* | 3.54 (1.34) | 0.009* |
| △t UPSIT and death (months) | 3.5 (2.4) | 2.9 (2.0) | 3.3 (2.8) | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Descriptive characteristics of the S1 (OBT-early/Limbic-early), S2 (OBT-early/Brainstem-early), and S3 (Brainstem-early/OBT-later) subtypes. Data are shown as mean (standard deviation) unless otherwise specified. Output of linear (continuous variables) and logistic (categorical variables) regression models comparing SustaIn subtypes are shown as estimates (standard error) and P value. *Indicates significant differences (P < 0.05). Reported P values of models predicting clinicopathological diagnosis are FDR corrected for n = 7 comparisons.
MMSE Minimal Mental State Examination, OBT olfactory bulb and tract, PMI Postmortem interval, SuStaIn subtype and stage inference, UPDRS Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale.
an S1 (OBT-early/Limbic-early) = 389; n S2 (OBT-early/Brainstem-early) = 139; n S3 (Brainstem-early/OBT-later) = 101.
bn S1 (OBT-early/Limbic-early) = 471; n S2 (OBT-early/Brainstem-early) = 163; n S3 (Brainstem-early/OBT-later) = 140.
cSum of the regional density scores (range 0–40). n S1 (OBT-early/Limbic-early) = 414; n S2 (OBT-early/Brainstem-early) = 139; n S3 (Brainstem-early/OBT-later) = 120.
dn S1 (OBT-early/Limbic-early) = 471; n S2 (OBT-early/Brainstem-early) = 162; n S3 (Brainstem-early/OBT-later) = 139.
en S1 (OBT-early/Limbic-early) = 469; n S2 (OBT-early/Brainstem-early) = 160; n S3 (Brainstem-early/OBT-later) = 140.
fn S1 (OBT-early/Limbic-early) = 407; n S2 (OBT-early/Brainstem-early) = 136; n S3 (Brainstem-early/OBT-later) = 103.
gn S1 (OBT-early/Limbic-early) = 230; n S2 (OBT-early/Brainstem-early) = 83; n S3 (Brainstem-early/OBT-later) = 72.
hn S1 (OBT-early/Limbic-early) = 158; n S2 (OBT-early/Brainstem-early) = 62; n S3 (Brainstem-early/OBT-later) = 35.