Table 2.

Effect of User versus Non-User on Osteoporosis Before Matching

Exposure	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4
	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)
Non-user	Reference	Reference	Reference	Reference
User	0.440 (0.261, 0.703)	0.424 (0.249, 0.683)	0.395 (0.231, 0.642)	0.406 (0.280, 0.588)

Notes: Model 1: no covariates were adjusted. Model 2: age, sex, BMI, and smoking status were adjusted. Model 3: Model 2 plus adjustment for serum potassium, PTH, serum calcium, serum phosphorus, and ALP. Model 4: Model 3 plus adjustment for the the use probability of spironolactone.

Abbreviations: OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; BMI, body mass index; PTH, parathyroid hormone; ALP, alkaline phosphatase.