. 2024 Jan 8;109(7):1858–1865. doi: 10.1210/clinem/dgae002

Table 1.

The associations between maternal serum polyols at fasting and GDM during pregnancy

	Event/Participants	Model 1	Model 2	Model 3	Model 4
	Event/Participants	OR (95 CI%)	OR (95 CI%)	OR (95 CI%)	OR (95 CI%)
Erythritol
1SD	—	1.51 (1.14-2.01)^a	1.52 (1.14-2.03)^a	1.52 (1.14-2.03)^a	1.43 (1.07-1.92)^a
Tertiles	—	1.48 (1.06-2.05)^a	1.48(1.06-2.07)^a	1.48 (1.06-2.08)^a	1.34 (0.94-1.89)
Tertile 1 (ref.)	30/72	—	—	—	—
Tertile 2	34/72	1.25 (0.65-2.42)	1.27 (0.64-2.50)	1.27 (0.64-2.51)	1.27 (0.64-2.51)
Tertile 3	45/74	2.17 (1.12-4.21)^a	2.18 (1.12-4.27)^a	2.19 (1.12-4.29)^a	2.19 (1.12-4.29)
Sorbitol
1SD	—	2.76 (1.92-3.96)^a	2.76 (1.91-3.97)^a	2.76 (1.91-3.98)^a	2.55 (1.77-3.69)^a
Tertiles	—	2.54 (1.77-3.64)^a	2.52 (1.75-3.63)^a	2.53 (1.76-3.64)^a	2.30 (1.58-3.35)^a
Tertile 1 (ref.)	22/72	—	—	—	—
Tertile 2	33/73	1.88 (0.95-3.71)	1.83 (0.92-3.63)	1.83 (0.92-3.65)	1.73 (0.85-3.50)
Tertile 3	54/73	6.46 (3.13-13.33)^a	6.40 (3.08-13.26)^a	6.40 (3.09-13.28)^a	5.34 (2.52-11.33)^a
Xylitol
1SD	—	0.71 (0.54-0.94)^a	0.71 (0.54-0.94)^a	0.71 (0.54-0.94)^a	0.75 (0.57-1.00)^a
Tertiles	—	0.55 (0.39-0.78)^a	0.55 (0.39-0.73)^a	0.55 (0.39-0.77)^a	0.59 (0.40-0.84)^a
Tertile 1	42/72	3.31 (1.67-6.56)^a	3.34 (1.68-6.66)^a	3.38 (1.69-6.74)^a	2.89 (1.43-5.85)^a
Tertile 2	45/72	3.94 (1.98-7.85)^a	4.07 (2.03-8.18)^a	4.09 (2.03-8.23)^a	3.74 (1.80-7.78)^a
Tertile 3 (ref.)	22/74	—	—	—	—

Multiple logistic regression models were used to identify the odds of GDM according to 1-SD increment and tertiles of maternal serum polyols during pregnancy, respectively. Serum polyols levels were Box–Cox-transformed in multiple logistic regression models. Model 1, unadjusted. Model 2, model 1 + age at OGTT, family history of diabetes, and parity. Model 3, model 2 + prepregnancy BMI. Model 4, model 3 + mean arterial pressure.

^aStatistical significance: CI does not cross 1.