TABLE 1.
Demographic, laboratory, and echocardiographic parameters of patients.
| Variable | NBPRE group (n:42) | EBPRE group (n:22) | All group (n:64) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 47.2 ± 11.4 | 45.1 ± 10.3 | 46.5 ± 11 | .47 |
| Sex (male %) | 32 (78) | 18 (81.8) | 50 (79.4) | .72 |
| Height (cm) | 165 ± 8.5 | 168 ± 8.4 | 166 ± 8.5 | .22 |
| Weight (kg) | 82 ± 12.5 | 81 ± 14.3 | 81.5 ± 13 | .73 |
| BSA (m2) | 1.9 ± 0.2 | 1.9 ± 0.2 | 1.9 ± 0.2 | .94 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) rest in echocardiography | 109 ± 5.2 | 111 ± 5.0 | 110 ± 5.2 | .13 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) rest in echocardiography | 69.2 ± 4.9 | 67.4 ± 4.2 | 68.6 ± 4.8 | .18 |
| Peak systolic blood pressure in exercise electrocardiography (mmHg) | 181.4 ± 12.2 | 211.8 ± 8.4 | 194.2 ± 20.8 | <.001 |
| Peak diastolic blood pressure in exercise electrocaerdiography (mmHg) | 79.2 ± 4.9 | 77.4 ± 4.2 | 78.6 ± 4.8 | .18 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 12.4 ± 1.9 | 12.9 ± 2.5 | 12.6 ± 2.2 | .45 |
| Platelete (109/L) | 244 ± 75 | 275 ± 80 | 255 ± 78 | .15 |
| Neutrophile (×103/µL) | 5.9 ± 2.4 | 6 ± 2.0 | 6 ± 2.3 | .91 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.8 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.8 ± 0.2 | .76 |
| Urea (mg/dL) | 36 ± 9.5 | 39 ± 16 | 37 ± 12.5 | .33 |
| GFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 89 ± 15 | 87 ± 20 | 88 ± 20 | .72 |
| Na (mEq/L) | 139 ± 2.1 | 139 ± 2.4 | 139 ± 2.2 | .69 |
| K (mmol/L) | 4.02 ± 0.89 | 4.18 ± 0.68 | .069 | |
| ESD (mm) | 29.5 ± 3.6 | 28.7 ± 3.8 | 29.2 ± 3.7 | .39 |
| EDD (mm) | 48 ± 4.1 | 48.4 ± 5.9 | 48.2 ± 4.7 | .77 |
| IVS (mm) | 0.99 ± 0.17 | 0.97 ± 0.14 | 0.98 ± 0.16 | .68 |
| PW (mm) | 0.96 ± 0.15 | 0.96 ± 0.12 | 0.96 ± 0.14 | .94 |
| Pulmonary velocity (cm/s) | 1.1 ± 0.2 | 1.2 ± 0.2 | 1.2 ± 0.2 | .20 |
| Aortic velocity (cm/s) | 1.3 ± 0.2 | 1.4 ± 0.3 | 1.3 ± 0.3 | .21 |
| LV mass (g) | 167 ± 41 | 168 ± 47 | 167 ± 43 | .91 |
| LV mass index (g/m2) | 87.1 ± 24.4 | 87.5 ± 26.8 | 87.2 ± 25.1 | .95 |
| LaD (mm) | 33.1 ± 3.9 | 34.4 ± 4 | 33.6 ± 3.9 | .23 |
| E (m/s) | 0.8 ± 0.2 | 0.7 ± 0.2 | 0.7 ± 0.2 | .42 |
| A (m/s) | 0.8 ± 0.2 | 0.9 ± 0.2 | 0.8 ± 0.2 | .02 |
| e’ (cm/s) | 10.4 ± 1.9 | 10.1 ± 2.2 | 10.3 ± 2 | .59 |
| E/e’ | 7.4 ± 1.9 | 7.3 ± 2.2 | 7.4 ± 2 | .81 |
| DEC time (s) | 151 ± 33 | 153 ± 27 | 152 ± 30 | .80 |
| Lat Sm (cm/s) | 11.2 ± 1.5 | 11.5 ± 2 | 11.5 ± 2 | .55 |
| Sep Sm (cm/s) | 9.5 ± 1.8 | 9.9 ± 1.8 | 9.9 ± 1.8 | .45 |
| St (cm/s) | 13.7 ± 2.4 | 13.7 ± 2.0 | 13.7 ± 2.3 | .95 |
| EF (%) | 60.6 ± 3.6 | 60.7 ± 3.1 | 60.7 ± 3.4 | .90 |
| LV3S (%) | −20.6 ± −2.3 | −19.7 ± −1.9 | −20.3 ± −2.2 | .13 |
| LV2S (%) | −21.3 ± −2.7 | −21 ± −2.4 | −21.2 ± −2.2 | .68 |
| LV4S (%) | −21.2 ± −2.2 | −21.2 ± −2.3 | −21.2 ± −2.2 | .93 |
| GLS (%) | −20.8 ± −1.5 | −20.4 ± −1.5 | −20.7 ± −1.5 | .23 |
| GWI (mmHg%) | 2036 ± 149 | 2147 ± 150 | 2075 ± 157 | .001 |
| GCW (mmHg%) | 2374 ± 210 | 2465 ± 204 | 2406 ± 211 | .10 |
| GWW (mmHg%) | 142 ± 64 | 127 ± 42 | 138 ± 58 | .31 |
| GWE (mmHg%) | 94.3 ± 2.5 | 95.1 ± 1.5 | 94.6 ± 2.2 | .18 |
Abbreviations: cm, centimeters; DEC time, deceleration time; EBPRE, exaggerated blood pressure response to exercise; EDD, end diastolic diameter; EF, ejection fraction; ESD, end systolic diameter; GCW, global constructive work; GLS, global longitudinal strain; GWE, global work efficiency; GWI, global work index; GWW, global waste work; IVS, interventricular septum; K, potassium; kg, kilograms; LaD, left atrial diameter; LatSm, Lateral systolic motion; LV3S, left ventricular 3 chamber strain; LV2S, left ventricular 2 chamber strain; LV4S, left ventricular 4 chamber strain; Na, sodium; NBPRE, normal blood pressure response to exercise; PW, posterior wall; Sep Sm, septal systolic motion; St, tricuspid systolic motion.