TABLE 3.

Neuropsychological test scores, overall and by sex, among cognitively intact American Indian participants of the Strong Heart Study (2017–2019).

	Cognitive intact
Parameter	All intact N = 181	Female N = 137	Male N = 44	p‐Value
3MSE	92.2 (6.4), 61–100	92.7 (6.4), 61–100	90.7 (6.1), 74–100	0.888
WAIS DSST	47.7 (13.5), 13–76	49.2 (13.8), 13–76	43.2 (11.4), 20–70	0.032
COWA	29.4 (10.9), 2–60	29.8 (10.5), 2–60	28.2 (11.8), 9–55	0.008
CVLT LF	6.0 (1.7), 0–9	6.2 (1.6), 0–9	5.5 (2.0), 0–9	<0.001
MoCA	21.3 (3.2), 12–28	21.4 (3.4), 12–28	21.0 (2.7), 16–27	0.538
MINT	28.3 (1.9), 23–32	28.1 (2.0), 23–32	28.8 (1.6), 25–32	<0.001
Number forward	7.0 (2.2), 3–13	7.0 (2.3), 3–13	7.0 (2.0), 4–12	0.717
Number backward	5.0 (1.8), 1–9	4.9 (1.7), 1–9	5.2 (2.1), 2–9	0.302
Benson copy	16.0 (1.3), 11–17	16.0 (1.3), 11–17	15.9 (1.4), 13–17	0.958
Benson recall	10.3 (3.1), 0–17	10.4 (3.2), 0–17	10.0 (2.8), 2–17	0.553
Craft story repeat (paraphrase)	11.5 (3.9), 0–21	11.8 (3.8), 2–19	10.7 (4.1), 0–21	0.986
Craft story recall (paraphrase)	10.3 (3.7), 0–18	10.5 (3.7), 2–17	9.7 (3.9), 0–18	0.802
Animal naming	15.5 (4.2), 6–28	15.6 (4.4), 6–28	15.0 (3.7), 7–22	0.204
Vegetable naming	11.0 (3.1), 3–19	11.7 (2.8), 5–19	9.1 (3.1), 3–18	<0.001
TMT A (seconds)	55.8 (25.6), 20–132	54.6 (24.8), 20–126	59.7 (27.9), 23–132	0.502
TMT B (seconds)	148.2 (60.4), 58–300	147.4 (59.9), 58–300	150.5 (62.7), 59–300	0.241

Notes: Values provided as mean (SD), Range unless otherwise indicated. p‐values based on T‐tests. Smaller values on all tests represent better performance, except for TMT A/B wherein longer time needed to complete a task represents poorer performance.

Abbreviations: 3MSE, Mini‐Mental Status Examination; COWA, Controlled Oral Word Association test; CVLT LF, California Verbal Learning Test (short form) long delay free recall; MINT, Multilingual Naming Test; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; TMT A/B, Trails Making Test A and B; WAIS DSST, Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale digit symbol substitution task.