Table 3.
Multivariable Analysis of Associations Between Participant Sociodemographic Characteristics and Likelihood of Identifying Heart Disease/Heart Attack as the LCOD Among US Women ≥25 Years of Age in 2009 and 2019
| 2009* | 2019* | 2019† | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | |
| Age (per 10 y) | 1.03 | 0.94–1.12 | 1.39‡ | 1.28–1.51‡ | 1.42‡ | 1.31–1.55‡ |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||||
| NH White | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | |||
| NH Black | 0.70 | 0.47–1.04 | 0.42‡ | 0.29–0.63‡ | 0.46‡ | 0.31–0.68‡ |
| Hispanic | 0.61‡ | 0.42–0.90‡ | 0.41‡ | 0.29–0.59‡ | 0.40‡ | 0.28–0.58‡ |
| NH Asian | 0.30‡ | 0.17–0.53‡ | 0.33‡ | 0.20–0.55‡ | 0.33‡ | 0.20–0.54‡ |
| Other | 0.73 | 0.26–2.13 | 0.63 | 0.34–1.18 | 0.62 | 0.33–1.15 |
| Educational attainment | ||||||
| Less than high school | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | |||
| High school graduate | 1.83‡ | 1.01–3.33‡ | 2.59‡ | 1.20–6.32‡ | 2.44‡ | 1.13 −5.96‡ |
| Some college | 2.40‡ | 1.31–4.46‡ | 5.42‡ | 2.48–13.34‡ | 5.12‡ | 2.34–12.61‡ |
| College graduate | 3.44‡ | 1.81–6.63‡ | 8.53‡ | 3.88–21.17‡ | 7.87‡ | 3.57–19.54‡ |
| Postgraduate | 4.09‡ | 1.89–9.14‡ | 10.80‡ | 4.66–27.92‡ | 10.13‡ | 4.38–26.19‡ |
| Household income, $ | ||||||
| <35,000 | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | |||
| 35 000–49 999 | 1.00 | 0.66–1.53 | 1.23 | 0.80–1.87 | 1.22 | 0.80–1.87 |
| 50 000–74 999 | 1.08 | 0.73–1.60 | 1.21 | 0.82–1.79 | 1.26 | 0.85–1.86 |
| 75 000–99 999 | 2.23‡ | 1.36–3.72‡ | 0.82 | 0.54–1.25 | 0.82 | 0.54–1.25 |
| ≥100 000 | 1.94‡ | 1.27–2.98‡ | 0.93 | 0.66–1.32 | 0.95 | 0.67–1.34 |
| Participant characteristics | ||||||
| History of heart attack | 2.31‡ | 1.07–5.58‡ | 0.82 | 0.38–1.77 | 0.88 | 0.40–1.91 |
| History of stroke | 2.53 | 0.94–8.38 | 0.94 | 0.49–1.76 | 0.95 | 0.50–1.79 |
| History of diabetes mellitus | 1.17 | 0.76–1.84 | 0.87 | 0.58–1.28 | 0.97 | 0.64–1.44 |
| History of hypertension | NA | NA | 0.70‡ | 0.54–0.92‡ | ||
Data were weighted by age, race/ethnicity, educational attainment, household income, and region to reflect the composition of the US population of women ≥25 years of age who speak English according to distributions reported in the US Census Bureau’s March 2018 Current Population Survey.11 LCOD indicates leading cause of death; NA, not available; NH, non-Hispanic; OR, odds ratio; and Ref, reference group.
*
All variables shown are included in the model.
†
Additionally adjusted for history of hypertension (available only in 2019).
‡
P<0.05.