Table 4.
Results of the multilevel logistic regression model predicting vaccination status
| Fixed effects | b | SE | z | p | OR | 95% CI |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intercept | 0.26 | 0.35 | 0.72 | .469 | 1.29 | [0.65, 2.58] |
| Age† | 0.28 | 0.04 | 7.74 | < .001 | 1.32 | [1.23, 1.42] |
| Gender (male) | − 0.31 | 0.06 | − 4.83 | < .001 | 0.73 | [0.65, 0.83] |
| Gender (non-binary) | 0.32 | 0.22 | 1.44 | .149 | 1.38 | [0.89, 2.14] |
| Education level (no schooling) | − 0.80 | 0.76 | − 1.06 | .287 | 0.45 | [0.10, 1.97] |
| Education level (primary) | 0.24 | 0.60 | 0.40 | .691 | 1.27 | [0.39, 4.13] |
| Education level (secondary) | − 0.05 | 0.07 | − 0.74 | .459 | 0.95 | [0.83, 1.09] |
| Education level (postgraduate) | 0.33 | 0.09 | 3.60 | < .001 | 1.39 | [1.16, 1.66] |
| Relative income† | 0.08 | 0.03 | 2.41 | .016 | 1.08 | [1.02, 1.15] |
| Essential worker status | 0.51 | 0.08 | 6.43 | < .001 | 1.67 | [1.43, 1.95] |
| Psychological distress† | − 0.01 | 0.04 | − 0.31 | .754 | 0.99 | [0.92, 1.06] |
| Intolerance of uncertainty† | 0.04 | 0.04 | 1.27 | .204 | 1.05 | [0.98, 1.12] |
| Delay discounting (AuC)† | 0.14 | 0.03 | 4.52 | < .001 | 1.15 | [1.08, 1.22] |
| Random effects | Estimate | SD |
|---|---|---|
| Intercept error variance (country) | 1.58 | 1.26 |
Note. † The variable was standardized. AuC = Area-under-the-curve, CI = confidence interval; OR = odds ratio; SD = standard deviation; SE = standard error of the mean. Female was used as the reference category for gender. Undergraduate level of education was used as the reference category for level of education