FIGURE 7.

GIP up‐regulated GLUT3 expression via Akt pathway. (A, B) GIP increased GLUT3 level in neurons. Representative immunostaining results and statistical result were shown in A and B. Scale Bar = 10 μm. n = 20–50 neurons for each group per test, N = 3 (cells were from 3 rats). The data were normalized by NC and shown as mean ± SE, analyzed by Student's t‐test, ****p < 0.0001. (C, D) GIP treatment resulted in enhanced activation of Akt. The phosphorylation of both Ser473 and Thr308 site was increased. n = 3. The data were normalized by NC and shown as mean ± SE, analyzed by Student's t‐test, ***p < 0.001. (E, F) Akt inhibitor attenuated GIP‐induced upregulation of GLUT3. n = 3. The data were shown as mean ± SE, analyzed by one‐way ANOVA, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01.