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Eligibility criteria of studies based on the PICOS model.
| Parameter | Inclusion criteria |
|---|---|
| Population | Healthy individuals |
| Intervention | Acute caffeine ingestion |
| Comparator | Placebo |
| Outcome | Exercise performance |
| Study design | Randomized and non-randomized control trials |
Abbreviation: PICOS = Population, Intervention, Comparator, Outcome, Study design.
