Table 2.

Research Collaboration for Quality Care - patient outcome quality indicators for older persons in acute care: definitions [20]

#	Short Title	Specifications	TIME POINT	IOM [20]	TYPE
1	Bladder Catheter	N: The proportion of female patients with a new urinary catheter on admission D: Female patients admitted E1: Presence of a urinary catheter premorbid E2: Male C1: Frequently or generally incontinent at Premorbid	Admission	Safe	Prevalence
2	Deliriuma	N: The proportion of patients with delirium-indicating behaviours present at discharge D: Patients discharged E: Died prior to discharge C: None	Discharge	Safe	Prevalence
3	Cognitiona†	N: The proportion of patients discharged with worse levels of cognitive function compared with premorbid levels D: Patients discharged E1: Died prior to discharge E2: Premorbid cognitive performance level such that no further decline could be identified C1: Resident of long term care C2: Impaired premorbid cognitive function C3: Surgery a part of acute episode	Discharge	Safe	Failure to Improve
4	Mobilitya	N: Patients discharged with worse levels of mobility compared with pre-morbid levels D: Patients discharged E1: Died prior to discharge E2: Discharged to palliative care E3: Pre-morbid levels of mobility that couldn’t be rated for a further deterioration E4: Activity did not occur C1: Fall within last 90 days C2: Existing or new residential care facility living arrangements (pre-morbid or post-discharge) C3: Discharge to rehabilitation	Discharge	Effective	Failure to Improve
5	Self-Carea	N: The proportion of patients with pre-hospital decline who failed to return to pre-admission function (or better) by discharge D: Patients with a decline in function between premorbid and admission E1: Died prior to discharge E2: Discharged to rehabilitation E3: Discharged to palliative care E4: No decline in function at admission (when comparing admission with pre-morbid function) E5: Scale for QI could not be calculated C: None	Discharge	Effective	Failure to Improve
6	Pain	N: The proportion of patients with no pre-morbid pain who were discharged with unimproved pain when compared to reported pain at admission D: Patients discharged E1: Died prior to discharge E2: Premorbid report of pain C: None	Discharge	Effective	Failure to Improve
7	Skin Integrity	N: The proportion of patients with a new or worsening pressure injury at discharge compared with admission D: Patients discharged E: Died prior to discharge C1: Poor bed mobility premorbid C2: Nutritional issues C3: Prior pressure injury	Discharge	Effective	Failure to Improve
8	Falls	N: The proportion of patients who fell (at least once) during the hospital episode D: Patients admitted E: None C1: Low premorbid cognitive function C2: Fall within 90 days	Episode	Safe	Incidence
9	Prolonged Length of Stay	N: The proportion of patients with prolonged length of stay D: Patients discharged E: None C1: Discharge to rehabilitation	Episode	Efficient	Incidence
10	New Discharge to Residential Care	N: The proportion of community dwelling patients discharged to long term care D: Community dwelling patients discharged E1: Died prior to discharge E2: Referred to rehabilitation E3: Premorbid location which was not a community dwelling (private housing, independent living units, or boarding house) E4: Discharge to an alternative acute care hospital C1: Low premorbid cognitive function C2: Prior admission to hospital in the last 90 days C3: Premorbid problems with hygiene C4: Premorbid inability to manage finances	Discharge	Patient-Centered	Incidence

N Nominator, D Denominator, C Covariate, E Exclusion, IOM Institute of Medicine framework

^aDerived using an interRAI Scale or specific variable; †Not in the interRAI Acute Care Quality Indicator Set