TABLE 3.
Echocardiographic Data
| Total (N = 626) | RELAH (n = 444) | EILAH (n = 182) | P Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Septal wall thickness, cm | 1.0 (0.9–1.1) | 1.0 (0.9–1.1) | 1.0 (0.9–1.1) | 0.39 |
| Posterior wall thickness, cm | 0.9 (0.8–1.0) | 0.9 (0.9–1.0) | 0.9 (0.8–1.0) | 0.017 |
| LV end-diastolic dimension, cm | 4.8 (4.4–5.2) | 4.9 (4.5–5.3) | 4.7 (4.3–5.0) | 0.002 |
| LV end-systolic dimension, cm | 3.5 (3.1–4.0) | 3.5 (3.2–4.0) | 3.4 (3.0–3.8) | 0.015 |
| LV mass indexed to BSA, g/m2 | 80.8 (65.3–98.4) | 82.7 (67.2–101.6) | 77.4 (63.6–93.0) | 0.005 |
| LV end-diastolic volume, mL | 217.8 (171.1–287.4) | 223.4 (170.3–298.2) | 211.2 (173.4–264.2) | 0.096 |
| LV end-systolic volume, mL | 101.6 (75.9–137.8) | 102.1 (77.0–145.8) | 97.5 (75.6–125.0) | 0.089 |
| Ejection fraction, % | 60.0 (55.0–65.0) | 60.0 (55.0–65.0) | 60.0 (55.0–65.0) | 0.14 |
| Mitral E velocity, cm/s | 86.0 (69.0–108.0) | 91.0 (72.0–114.0) | 76.0 (62.0–93.0) | <0.001 |
| Mitral A velocity, cm/s | 75.0 (55.0–94.0) | 72.5 (53.0–93.0) | 80.0 (60.0–95.0) | 0.020 |
| E/A ratio | 1.1 (0.8–1.6) | 1.2 (0.8–1.8) | 0.9 (0.7–1.3) | <0.001 |
| Septal e′ velocity, cm/s | 6.0 (5.0–7.0) | 6.0 (5.0–7.0) | 6.0 (5.0–7.0) | 0.28 |
| Lateral e′ velocity, cm/s | 8.0 (6.0–10.0) | 8.0 (6.0–10.0) | 8.0 (6.0–10.0) | 0.48 |
| Average E/e′ ratio | 12.5 (9.6–17.1) | 13.2 (10.0–17.8) | 10.8 (8.8–14.0) | <0.001 |
| LA maximal volume indexed to BSA, mL/m2 | 31.6 (24.9–40.6) | 33.0 (26.0–41.3) | 28.4 (23.1–36.5) | <0.001 |
| LA minimal volume indexed to BSA, mL/m2 | 20.3 (14.5–28.1) | 21.8 (15.7–30.4) | 17.0 (13.1–22.7) | <0.001 |
| Ratio of LA to RA volume | 1.3 (1.0–1.6) | 1.2 (1.0–1.5) | 1.3 (1.1–1.6) | 0.068 |
| LA emptying fraction, % | 35.3 (25.4–43.8) | 32.8 (22.5–42.9) | 39.6 (31.4–46.1) | <0.001 |
| RV end-diastolic dimension, cm | 3.7 (3.4–4.1) | 3.8 (3.4–4.2) | 3.7 (3.3–4.0) | 0.094 |
| RV s′ velocity, cm/s | 11.0 (10.0–14.0) | 11.0 (10.0–14.0) | 11.0 (10.0–14.0) | 0.77 |
| TAPSE, cm | 2.0 (1.8–2.3) | 2.0 (1.7–2.3) | 2.0 (1.8–2.3) | 0.17 |
| RA volume indexed to BSA, mL/m2 | 25.2 (19.0–33.1) | 26.8 (20.4–35.6) | 22.4 (17.3–28.6) | <0.001 |
| Peak TR velocity, cm/s | 261.0 (236.0–292.0) | 265.5 (240.0–300.0) | 250.0 (227.0–275.0) | <0.001 |
| Estimated PA systolic pressure, mm Hg | 31.0 (26.0–39.0) | 33.0 (27.0–40.0) | 28.0 (24.0–33.0) | <0.001 |
| Estimated RA pressure, mm Hg | 3.0 (3.0–3.0) | 3.0 (3.0–3.0) | 3.0 (3.0–3.0) | 0.15 |
| Stroke volume, L | 66.1 (55.4–81.6) | 65.9 (53.8–79.8) | 68.4 (56.0–83.1) | 0.23 |
| LV global longitudinal strain, % | −17.7 (−15.4 to −20.2) | −17.3 (−15.0 to −19.9) | −18.9 (−16.8 to −20.8) | <0.001 |
| RV free wall strain, % | −22.4 (−17.9 to −26.1) | −22.0 (−17.6 to −25.6) | −23.1 (−18.5 to −26.8) | 0.067 |
| LA reservoir strain, % | 20.3 (14.2–26.9) | 18.1 (13.0–25.3) | 24.5 (17.0–28.9) | <0.001 |
| RA reservoir strain, % | 24.0 (17.8–31.3) | 22.2 (17.1–29.1) | 27.1 (22.2–33.1) | <0.001 |
Values are median (IQR). Values of P < 0.03 are considered to be significantly different after adjustment for multiple comparisons using the false discovery rate method.
BSA = body surface area; LA = left atrial; LV = left ventricular; PA = pulmonary artery; RA = right atrial; RV = right ventricular; TAPSE = tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion; TR = tricuspid regurgitation; other abbreviations as in Table 1.