Table 3.
Behavioral, cognitive and functional changes in people with dementia due to social isolation
| Argentina | Brazil | Chile | Total | Adjusted p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (N = 108) | (N = 111) | (N = 102) | (N = 321) | ||
| Sadder | |||||
| No | 62 (57.4%) | 65 (58.6%) | 42 (41.2%) | 169 (52.6%) | 0.010 |
| Partially | 18 (16.7%) | 6 (5.4%) | 25 (24.5%) | 49 (15.3%) | |
| Yes | 27 (25.0%) | 40 (36.0%) | 33 (32.4%) | 100 (31.2%) | |
| More lonely | |||||
| No | 76 (70.4%) | 91 (82.0%) | 69 (67.6%) | 236 (73.5%) | 0.226 |
| Partially | 16 (14.8%) | 4 (3.6%) | 10 (9.8%) | 30 (9.3%) | |
| Yes | 14 (13.0%) | 16 (14.4%) | 22 (21.6%) | 52 (16.2%) | |
| More anxious | |||||
| No | 52 (48.1%) | 64 (57.7%) | 41 (40.2%) | 157 (48.9%) | 0.082 |
| Partially | 21 (19.4%) | 6 (5.4%) | 13 (12.7%) | 40 (12.5%) | |
| Yes | 34 (31.5%) | 41 (36.9%) | 45 (44.1%) | 120 (37.4%) | |
| More agitated | |||||
| No | 81 (75.0%) | 70 (63.1%) | 63 (61.8%) | 214 (66.7%) | 0.008 |
| Partially | 15 (13.9%) | 5 (4.5%) | 11 (10.8%) | 31 (9.7%) | |
| Yes | 11 (10.2%) | 36 (32.4%) | 27 (26.5%) | 74 (23.1%) | |
| More aggressive | |||||
| No | 87 (80.6%) | 86 (77.5%) | 55 (53.9%) | 228 (71.0%) | < 0.001 |
| Partially | 10 (9.3%) | 6 (5.4%) | 21 (20.6%) | 37 (11.5%) | |
| Yes | 11 (10.2%) | 18 (16.2%) | 25 (24.5%) | 54 (16.8%) | |
| Delusions | |||||
| No | 98 (90.7%) | 82 (73.9%) | 68 (66.7%) | 248 (77.3%) | 0.002 |
| Partially | 3 (2.8%) | 2 (1.8%) | 7 (6.9%) | 12 (3.7%) | |
| Yes | 7 (6.5%) | 27 (24.3%) | 27 (26.5%) | 61 (19.0%) | |
| Obsessive-compulsive behaviors | |||||
| No | 97 (89.8%) | 90 (81.1%) | 60 (58.8%) | 247 (76.9%) | < 0.001 |
| Partially | 5 (4.6%) | 2 (1.8%) | 6 (5.9%) | 13 (4.0%) | |
| Yes | 5 (4.6%) | 18 (16.2%) | 35 (34.3%) | 58 (18.1%) | |
| Hallucinations | |||||
| No | 100 (92.6%) | 94 (84.7%) | 64 (62.7%) | 258 (80.4%) | < 0.001 |
| Partially | 2 (1.9%) | 1 (0.9%) | 8 (7.8%) | 11 (3.4%) | |
| Yes | 6 (5.6%) | 16 (14.4%) | 29 (28.4%) | 51 (15.9%) | |
| Memory decline | |||||
| No | 44 (40.7%) | 54 (48.6%) | 19 (18.6%) | 117 (36.4%) | < 0.001 |
| Partially | 21 (19.4%) | 1 (0.9%) | 7 (6.9%) | 29 (9.0%) | |
| Yes | 42 (38.9%) | 56 (50.5%) | 72 (70.6%) | 170 (53.0%) | |
| Appetite changes | |||||
| No | 72 (66.7%) | 77 (69.4%) | 43 (42.2%) | 192 (59.8%) | < 0.001 |
| Partially | 10 (9.3%) | 1 (0.9%) | 2 (2.0%) | 13 (4.0%) | |
| Yes | 26 (24.1%) | 33 (29.7%) | 54 (52.9%) | 113 (35.2%) | |
| Impaired activities of daily living | |||||
| No | 91 (84.3%) | 74 (66.7%) | 43 (42.2%) | 208 (64.8%) | < 0.001 |
| Partially | 6 (5.6%) | 4 (3.6%) | 9 (8.8%) | 19 (5.9%) | |
| Yes | 11 (10.2%) | 32 (28.8%) | 48 (47.1%) | 91 (28.3%) | |
| Sleep difficulties | |||||
| No | 77 (71.3%) | 89 (80.2%) | 57 (55.9%) | 223 (69.5%) | < 0.001 |
| Partially | 13 (12.0%) | 0 (0%) | 9 (8.8%) | 22 (6.9%) | |
| Yes | 17 (15.7%) | 21 (18.9%) | 36 (35.3%) | 74 (23.1%) | |