Table 1.
Based on the demographic and clinical characteristics of non-HDL cholesterol levels
| Non-HDL cholesterol categories | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1(< 2.99 mmol/L) | Q2(2.99–3.59 mmol/L) | Q3(3.59–4.27 mmol/L) | Q4(4.27–15.92 mmol/L) | p-value | |
| N | 2745 | 2746 | 2745 | 2746 | |
| Age (years) | 59.35 ± 9.99 | 59.37 ± 9.65 | 59.32 ± 9.50 | 59.71 ± 9.20 | 0.103 |
| Age group | 0.617 | ||||
| 45–60 | 1513 (55.12%) | 1503 (54.73%) | 1526 (55.59%) | 1479 (53.86%) | |
| ≧ 60 | 1232 (44.88%) | 1243 (45.27%) | 1219 (44.41%) | 1267 (46.14%) | |
| Gender | < 0.001*** | ||||
| Male | 1547 (56.40%) | 1351 (49.20%) | 1233 (44.97%) | 1081 (39.41%) | |
| Female | 1196 (43.60%) | 1395 (50.80%) | 1509 (55.03%) | 1662 (60.59%) | |
| Education | 0.032* | ||||
| Illiterate | 734 (26.76%) | 761 (27.73%) | 773 (28.19%) | 843 (30.73%) | |
| Primary school | 1143 (41.67%) | 1091 (39.76%) | 1123 (40.96%) | 1062 (38.72%) | |
| Middle school and above | 866 (31.57%) | 892 (32.51%) | 846 (30.85%) | 838 (30.55%) | |
| Marital status | 0.987 | ||||
| Married and cohabiting | 2426 (88.38%) | 2420 (88.13%) | 2418 (88.09%) | 2423 (88.24%) | |
| Others | 319 (11.62%) | 326 (11.87%) | 327 (11.91%) | 323 (11.76%) | |
| Hypertension | < 0.001*** | ||||
| No | 1850 (67.59%) | 1703 (62.18%) | 1599 (58.53%) | 1439 (52.50%) | |
| Yes | 887 (32.41%) | 1036 (37.82%) | 1133 (41.47%) | 1302 (47.50%) | |
| Diabetes | < 0.001*** | ||||
| No | 2398 (87.36%) | 2347 (85.47%) | 2321 (84.55%) | 2093 (76.22%) | |
| Yes | 347 (12.64%) | 399 (14.53%) | 424 (15.45%) | 653 (23.78%) | |
| Dyslipidemia | < 0.001*** | ||||
| No | 2198 (81.41%) | 2057 (76.64%) | 1978 (73.78%) | 1778 (65.88%) | |
| Yes | 502 (18.59%) | 627 (23.36%) | 703 (26.22%) | 921 (34.12%) | |
| Depression | 0.017* | ||||
| No | 1449 (52.90%) | 1540 (56.20%) | 1517 (55.55%) | 1450 (52.86%) | |
| Yes | 1290 (47.10%) | 1200 (43.80%) | 1214 (44.45%) | 1293 (47.14%) | |
| Antihypertensive therapy | < 0.001*** | ||||
| No | 2331 (84.92%) | 2229 (81.17%) | 2177 (79.31%) | 2021 (73.60%) | |
| Yes | 414 (15.08%) | 517 (18.83%) | 568 (20.69%) | 725 (26.40%) | |
| Hypoglycemic therapy | < 0.001*** | ||||
| No | 2665 (97.09%) | 2644 (96.29%) | 2631 (95.85%) | 2597 (94.57%) | |
| Yes | 80 (2.91%) | 102 (3.71%) | 114 (4.15%) | 149 (5.43%) | |
| Lipid medication | < 0.001*** | ||||
| No | 2671 (97.30%) | 2633 (95.88%) | 2598 (94.65%) | 2525 (91.95%) | |
| Yes | 74 (2.70%) | 113 (4.12%) | 147 (5.35%) | 221 (8.05%) | |
| Smoking | < 0.001*** | ||||
| No | 1787 (65.10%) | 1933 (70.39%) | 1981 (72.17%) | 2108 (76.77%) | |
| Yes | 958 (34.90%) | 813 (29.61%) | 764 (27.83%) | 638 (23.23%) | |
| Drinking | < 0.001*** | ||||
| No | 1686 (61.67%) | 1826 (66.72%) | 1852 (67.89%) | 1935 (70.59%) | |
| Yes | 1048 (38.33%) | 911 (33.28%) | 876 (32.11%) | 806 (29.41%) | |
| Exercise | 0.290 | ||||
| No | 1608 (58.58%) | 1655 (60.27%) | 1611 (58.69%) | 1586 (57.76%) | |
| Yes | 1137 (41.42%) | 1091 (39.73%) | 1134 (41.31%) | 1160 (42.24%) | |
| Socializing | < 0.001*** | ||||
| No | 1514 (55.16%) | 1399 (50.95%) | 1342 (48.89%) | 1355 (49.35%) | |
| Yes | 1231 (44.84%) | 1347 (49.05%) | 1403 (51.11%) | 1391 (50.65%) | |
| Cognitive impairment | 0.003** | ||||
| No | 1682 (61.28%) | 1752 (63.80%) | 1800 (65.57%) | 1795 (65.37%) | |
| Yes | 1063 (38.72%) | 994 (36.20%) | 945 (34.43%) | 951 (34.63%) | |
| Cognitive score | 12.87 ± 6.65 | 13.14 ± 6.71 | 13.33 ± 6.54 | 13.30 ± 6.64 | 0.027* |
| SBP (mmHg) | 127.49 ± 21.02 | 130.09 ± 21.40 | 132.18 ± 21.98 | 134.29 ± 21.80 | < 0.001*** |
| DBP (mmHg) | 73.92 ± 12.19 | 75.470 ± 12.18 | 76.53 ± 11.98 | 77.80 ± 12.14 | < 0.001*** |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.32 ± 3.60 | 23.22 ± 3.80 | 23.89 ± 4.02 | 24.63 ± 3.89 | < 0.001*** |
| WC (cm) | 80.85 ± 12.32 | 83.35 ± 12.55 | 85.49 ± 12.03 | 87.76 ± 12.51 | < 0.001*** |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.00 ± 0.52 | 1.29 ± 0.77 | 1.56 ± 0.89 | 2.29 ± 1.95 | < 0.001*** |
| Total Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 3.96 ± 0.54 | 4.65 ± 0.43 | 5.19 ± 0.41 | 6.24 ± 0.80 | < 0.001*** |
| HDL Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.43 ± 0.42 | 1.34 ± 0.40 | 1.28 ± 0.37 | 1.22 ± 0.36 | < 0.001*** |
| LDL Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.14 ± 0.43 | 2.752 ± 0.43 | 3.22 ± 0.52 | 3.91 ± 1.01 | < 0.001*** |
| Non-HDL Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.53 ± 0.36 | 3.30 ± 0.17 | 3.91 ± 0.19 | 5.02 ± 0.77 | < 0.001*** |
SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic biood pressure; BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001