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. 2024 Feb 16;19(6):846–855. doi: 10.1038/s41565-023-01585-y

Fig. 6. In vivo proof-of-concept studies confirming the effect of albumin receptor saturation or EV coating on liver cell internalization.

Fig. 6

a, In vivo uptake of EV3D in liver cells is reduced/blocked when mice were injected with BSA (5 min pre-EV injection, 10 mg ml−1, 100 µl) followed by intravenous injection of DiD-labelled EV3D (2 × 1011 particles per mouse, n = 3, 1**P = 0.0091 and 2**P = 0.0063). b, In vivo uptake of albumin-coated DiD-labelled EV2D in liver cells after intravenous administration (2 × 1011 particles per mouse, n = 3, 3***P = 0.0004, 4****P < 0.0001, 5****P < 0.0001, 6****P < 0.0001, 7***P = 0.0001, 8****P < 0.0001, 9**P = 0.0018, 10****P < 0.0001). This confirms the involvement of albumin and albumin receptor in the cellular internalization of EVs. Data are presented as mean ± s.d. with one-way ANOVA with post hoc Tukey (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 and ****P < 0.0001).

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