Table 3.
Descriptive statistics of the variables
Deskriptive Statistik der Variablen
| Surgery | Non-surgery | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SD | Min | Max | Mean | SD | Min | Max | |
| Maxilla to cranial base | ||||||||
| SNA (°) | 79.06 | 4.39 | 68.80 | 90.30 | 78.06 | 4.28 | 69.30 | 93.90 |
| SN-palatal plane (°) | 8.39 | 4.03 | 0.40 | 17.00 | 7.78 | 3.54 | −2.50 | 18.70 |
| Occlusal plane to SN (°) | 14.08 | 5.36 | 0.50 | 23.40 | 14.87 | 4.83 | 1.50 | 29.40 |
| A‑N perpendicular (mm) | −1.15 | 4.81 | −11.00 | 12.20 | −2.15 | 3.88 | −15.00 | 11.40 |
| Mandible to cranial base | ||||||||
| SNB (°) | 83.52 | 4.02 | 74.70 | 95.00 | 80.45 | 4.03 | 71.40 | 94.90 |
| SNPg (°) | 84.10 | 3.70 | 75.80 | 95.20 | 81.38 | 4.07 | 73.60 | 96.80 |
| FMA (FH-MP) (°) | 23.73 | 5.75 | 9.40 | 37.10 | 22.36 | 5.70 | 5.70 | 33.70 |
| SN—MP (°) | 30.48 | 6.34 | 16.20 | 42.70 | 29.38 | 5.76 | 10.90 | 42.90 |
| Mandibular plane to occlusal plane (°) | 17.95 | 4.45 | 10.10 | 32.40 | 15.66 | 4.15 | 7.50 | 25.10 |
| B‑N perpendicular (mm) | 5.66 | 7.13 | −9.30 | 22.50 | 0.29 | 6.28 | −19.70 | 22.70 |
| Pog‑N perpendicular (mm) | 7.42 | 7.09 | −10.60 | 23.50 | 1.98 | 7.01 | −17.30 | 30.80 |
| Y‑Axis (SGn-SN) (°) | 65.39 | 4.15 | 54.30 | 75.10 | 66.34 | 4.08 | 53.30 | 75.40 |
| Maxilla to mandible | ||||||||
| ANB (°) | −4.45 | 2.36 | −11.50 | −0.30 | −2.38 | 1.58 | −6.40 | −0.10 |
| Palatal plane to mandibular plane angle (PP-MP) (°) | 23.66 | 5.70 | 12.60 | 39.10 | 22.74 | 5.15 | 7.80 | 33.30 |
| Wits appraisal (mm) | −9.77 | 3.18 | −19.00 | 0.50 | −5.84 | 2.51 | −15.90 | −1.10 |
| Maxillary length (ANS-PNS) (mm) | 47.04 | 4.37 | 39.60 | 55.50 | 46.16 | 4.25 | 36.80 | 64.70 |
| Mandibular length (Co-Gn) (mm) | 123.35 | 9.75 | 102.20 | 150.60 | 114.21 | 8.46 | 96.60 | 141.40 |
| Cranial base | ||||||||
| Ba-S‑N (°) | 132.47 | 5.68 | 116.70 | 146.90 | 132.19 | 5.70 | 120.00 | 152.70 |
| Upper incisors to maxilla | ||||||||
| U1-SN (°) | 110.81 | 9.04 | 89.80 | 140.60 | 108.78 | 6.89 | 91.70 | 128.90 |
| U1-NA (°) | 31.74 | 8.29 | 13.30 | 50.20 | 30.73 | 6.43 | 16.20 | 47.60 |
| U1-NA (mm) | 8.73 | 3.17 | 1.90 | 18.40 | 8.37 | 2.40 | 3.20 | 14.00 |
| U1-palatal plane (°) | 119.20 | 8.32 | 98.40 | 144.30 | 116.56 | 6.44 | 100.10 | 134.00 |
| U1 protrusion (U1-APo) (mm) | 4.92 | 3.58 | −2.00 | 15.60 | 5.86 | 2.63 | 0.00 | 13.20 |
| Lower incisors to mandible | ||||||||
| L1-MP (°) | 84.32 | 8.18 | 66.90 | 112.30 | 87.50 | 7.03 | 68.80 | 104.00 |
| L1-NB (°) | 21.36 | 8.56 | −1.40 | 51.30 | 20.07 | 6.31 | 5.90 | 36.10 |
| L1-NB (mm) | 4.25 | 3.17 | −4.60 | 11.80 | 2.96 | 2.38 | −1.70 | 8.80 |
| L1 protrusion (L1-APo) (mm) | 6.55 | 3.58 | −1.80 | 14.70 | 3.76 | 2.64 | −2.50 | 11.30 |
| Holdaway ratio | −0.19 | 2.50 | −12.70 | 5.30 | 0.50 | 3.58 | −20.20 | 13.70 |
| Incisors to each other | ||||||||
| Interincisal angle (U1-L1) (°) | 131.35 | 13.48 | 80.10 | 163.90 | 131.60 | 10.41 | 108.20 | 159.10 |
| Overjet (mm) | −1.38 | 2.93 | −12.00 | 3.90 | 2.46 | 1.96 | −3.70 | 5.90 |
| Overbite (mm) | 1.34 | 2.55 | −4.40 | 11.50 | 1.77 | 1.64 | −4.60 | 4.70 |
| Soft tissue | ||||||||
| Upper lip to E‑plane (mm) | −5.81 | 3.78 | −13.00 | 4.20 | −4.21 | 2.81 | −11.50 | 4.10 |
| Lower lip to E‑plane (mm) | −1.43 | 4.49 | −8.90 | 9.20 | −1.86 | 3.10 | −11.10 | 7.30 |
| ILG (mm) | 0.82 | 0.69 | −0.70 | 3.90 | 1.19 | 0.78 | −0.60 | 5.20 |
| Nasolabial angle (Col-Sn-UL) (°) | 102.77 | 11.09 | 79.10 | 128.50 | 106.24 | 9.83 | 77.80 | 129.70 |
| H‑Angle (Pg′UL-Pg′Na′) (°) | 8.01 | 5.84 | −6.80 | 22.10 | 11.00 | 4.30 | 1.10 | 22.30 |
| UFH (G′-Sn′) (mm) | 64.22 | 5.53 | 54.30 | 78.70 | 62.69 | 4.42 | 52.50 | 78.20 |
| LFH (Sn′-Me′) (mm) | 69.90 | 7.84 | 53.00 | 91.40 | 66.50 | 6.17 | 48.80 | 79.60 |
| Facial proportions (hard tissue) | ||||||||
| Upper face height (N-ANS) (mm) | 51.60 | 5.00 | 42.40 | 67.80 | 50.02 | 3.35 | 43.20 | 58.00 |
| Lower face height (ANS-Me) (mm) | 64.90 | 6.55 | 50.40 | 80.90 | 60.56 | 5.84 | 46.90 | 77.30 |
| UFH (N-ANS/(N-ANS + ANS-Me)) (%) | 44.32 | 2.32 | 38.60 | 48.50 | 45.30 | 2.03 | 40.20 | 51.20 |
| LFH (ANS-Me/(N-ANS + ANS-Me)) (%) | 55.68 | 2.32 | 51.50 | 61.40 | 54.70 | 2.03 | 48.80 | 59.80 |
| Posterior face height (Co-Go) (mm) | 48.18 | 6.88 | 35.50 | 71.30 | 45.03 | 5.93 | 33.50 | 66.90 |
| PFH:AFH (Co-Go: N‑Me) (%) | 56.98 | 4.43 | 47.40 | 68.70 | 56.62 | 4.17 | 48.70 | 70.50 |
| Profile | ||||||||
| Convexity (NA-APo) (°) | −10.70 | 6.23 | −32.70 | 4.00 | −7.18 | 4.36 | −17.80 | 2.20 |
| Facial angle (FH-NPo) (°) | 93.91 | 3.66 | 84.80 | 101.70 | 91.14 | 3.79 | 80.70 | 105.20 |
SD standard deviation, Min minimum, Max maximum