TABLE 1.
Sample characteristics (total sample and stratified by the presence of hikikomori).
| Absence of hikikomori (HQ‐25‐G < 42) N = 2860 | Presence of hikikomori N = 2140 (HQ‐25‐G ≥ 42) | p‐value | Total N = 5000 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | <0.001 | |||
| Men | 1344 (47.0%) | 1107 (51.7%) | 2451 (49.0%) | |
| Women | 1514 (52.9%) | 1026 (47.9%) | 2540 (50.8%) | |
| Diverse | 2 (0.1%) | 7 (0.3%) | 9 (0.2%) | |
| Age | 48.9 (15.1) | 44.2 (15.1) | <0.001 | 46.9 (15.3) |
| Marital status | ||||
| Single | 549 (19.2%) | 784 (36.6%) | 1333 (26.7%) | |
| Divorced | 214 (7.5%) | 189 (8.8%) | 403 (8.1%) | |
| Widowed | 93 (3.3%) | 67 (3.1%) | 160 (3.2%) | |
| Living together: Married/Partnership | 1864 (65.2%) | 1029 (48.1%) | 2893 (57.9%) | |
| Living separated: Married/Partnership | 140 (4.9%) | 71 (3.3%) | 211 (4.2%) | |
| Education | <0.001 | |||
| Low | 257 (9.0%) | 276 (12.9%) | 533 (10.7%) | |
| Medium | 1685 (58.9%) | 1302 (60.8%) | 2987 (59.7%) | |
| High | 918 (32.1%) | 562 (26.3%) | 1480 (29.6%) | |
| Employment status | <0.01 | |||
| Full‐time employed | 1419 (49.6%) | 999 (46.7%) | 2418 (48.4%) | |
| Retired | 596 (20.8%) | 404 (18.9%) | 1000 (20.0%) | |
| Others | 845 (29.5%) | 737 (34.4%) | 1582 (31.6%) | |
| Migration background | <0.001 | |||
| No | 2609 (91.2%) | 1840 (86.0%) | 4449 (89.0%) | |
| Yes | 251 (8.8%) | 300 (14.0%) | 551 (11.0%) | |
Note: A migration background was considered if the individual or at least one parent did not hold German citizenship at birth.