Table 4.
Comparison of LPD vs. RPD patients who suffered a POPF following their pancreatoduodenectomy in the unmatched and 3:1 matched dataset
| Characteristic | Unmatched dataset | Matched dataset 1:2 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LPD | RPD | p-value | LPD | RPD | p-value | ||
| No. of patients | 60 | 180 | 47 | 47 | |||
| Age (yr) | 63.9 ± 11.5 | 36.2 ± 12.3 | 0.701 | 63.3 ± 11.9 | 61.6 ± 11.2 | 0.499 | |
| Sex | 0.456 | 0.408 | |||||
| Male | 28 (46.7) | 94 (52.2) | 23 (48.9) | 27 (57.4) | |||
| Female | 32 (53.3) | 86 (47.8) | 24 (5.1) | 20 (42.6) | |||
| Race | 0.315 | 0.948 | |||||
| White | 39 (65.0) | 135 (75.0) | 31 (66.0) | 32 (68.1) | |||
| Black | 6 (10.0) | 14 (7.8) | 6 (12.8) | 5 (10.6) | |||
| Others | 15 (25.0) | 31 (17.2) | 10 (21.3) | 10 (21.3) | |||
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 28.2 ± 6.5 | 28.9 ± 6.9 | 0.523 | 28.2 ± 6.6 | 30.2 ± 8.5 | 0.204 | |
| Comorbidity | |||||||
| Hypertension | 33 (55.0) | 94 (52.2) | 0.709 | 26 (55.3) | 28 (59.6) | 0.677 | |
| Diabetes mellitus | 13 (21.7) | 27 (15.0) | 0.230 | 8 (17.0) | 4 (8.5) | 0.216 | |
| COPD | 0 (0) | 8 (4.4) | 0.097 | 0 (0) | 1 (2.1) | 0.315 | |
| CHF | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | >0.999 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | >0.999 | |
| ESRD | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | >0.999 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | >0.999 | |
| Risk factor | |||||||
| Smoking | 11 (18.3) | 27 (15.0) | 0.540 | 9 (19.1) | 6 (12.8) | 0.398 | |
| Steroids | 2 (3.3) | 9 (5.0) | 0.593 | 2 (4.3) | 3 (6.4) | 0.646 | |
| Weight loss | 8 (13.3) | 11 (6.1) | 0.073 | 8 (17.0) | 6 (12.8) | 0.562 | |
| Bleeding disorder | 1 (1.7) | 4 (2.2) | 0.794 | 1 (2.1) | 2 (4.3) | 0.557 | |
| Preoperative anemia | 1 (1.7) | 1 (0.6) | 0.412 | 1 (2.1) | 0 (0) | 0.315 | |
| Indication | 0.039* | 0.517 | |||||
| Malignancy | 38 (63.3) | 109 (60.6) | 32 (68.1) | 29 (61.7) | |||
| Benign | 20 (33.3) | 71 (39.4) | 15 (31.9) | 18 (38.3) | |||
| Unknown | 2 (3.3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |||
| Neoadjuvant therapy | |||||||
| NAC | 7 (11.7) | 16 (8.9) | 0.527 | 4 (8.5) | 5 (10.6) | 0.726 | |
| NAR | 5 (8.3) | 1 (0.6) | 0.001* | 2 (4.3) | 1 (2.1) | 0.557 | |
| Biliary stent | 27 (45.0) | 86 (47.8) | 0.709 | 21 (44.7) | 18 (38.3) | 0.530 | |
| Duct size (mm) | 0.329 | 0.689 | |||||
| <3 | 31 (51.7) | 101 (56.1) | 26 (55.3) | 23 (48.9) | |||
| 3–6 | 20 (33.3) | 64 (35.6) | 15 (31.9) | 19 (40.4) | |||
| >6 | 9 (15.0) | 15 (8.3) | 6 (12.8) | 5 (10.6) | |||
| Texture | 0.002* | 0.931 | |||||
| Soft | 39 (65.0) | 154 (85.6) | 33 (70.2) | 33 (70.2) | |||
| Intermediate | 10 (16.7) | 11 (6.1) | 7 (14.9) | 8 (17.0) | |||
| Hard | 11 (18.3) | 15 (8.3) | 7 (14.9) | 6 (12.8) | |||
| Reconstruction | 0.009* | 0.287 | |||||
| PJ duct-to-mucosa | 50 (83.3) | 169 (93.9) | 42 (89.4) | 42 (89.4) | |||
| PJ invagination | 5 (8.3) | 9 (5.0) | 5 (10.6) | 3 (6.4) | |||
| PG | 5 (8.3) | 2 (1.1) | 0 (0) | 2 (4.3) | |||
| Drain | 60 (100) | 179 (99.4) | 0.563 | 47 (100) | 47 (100) | >0.999 | |
Values are presented as number only, mean ± standard deviation or number (%).
LPD, laparoscopic pancreatoduodenectomy; RPD, robotic pancreatoduodenectomy; POPF, postoperative pancreatic fistula; COPD, chronic pulmonary obstructive disease; CHF, congestive heart failure; ESRD, end stage renal disease; NAC, neoadjuvant chemotherapy; NAR, neoadjuvant radiation; PJ, pancreaticojejunostomy; PG, pancreaticogastrostomy.
*p < 0.05, statistically significant.