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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Int J Med Inform. 2024 Apr 17;187:105461. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2024.105461

Fig. 1. Translating survey questions to ontology content.

Fig. 1.

In efforts to coordinate PEGS survey questions with ontology content, a combination of manual and semi-automated mappings was conducted. For questions with binary or categorical, finite responses, manual curation was used to align a single ontology term to the question (binary) or to each variable response option (categorical) (Fig. 1A/B). For free response questions, the named entity recognition tool, OntoRuNER was used to create mappings to ontology terms for unique answer fields (Fig. 1C). Ontology abbreviations: FOODON, Food Ontology. CHEBI, Chemical Entities of Biological Interest.