Fig. 3. Spatial heterogeneity of pathology in ZikV-exposed fetal NHP brain.

a, b Representative T2-weighted MRI images (left, axial; middle, sagittal; right, coronal) for (a) control and (b) ZikV animals. MRI scans were collected at GD125 for CTL3 and GD120 for ZIKA3 (Fig. S1). Blue arrowhead indicates the primary periventricular lesion described previously³¹. Red arrowheads indicate T2-weighted (T2W) hyperintense foci in subcortical white matter, which can be seen in delayed, abnormal, or inflamed myelin. c Ordinal scale of T2W intensity identified in the frontal, parietal and occipital lobes of Zika-exposed animals. Relative scale was established with normal appearance matching control animals and severe signal abnormality matching the T2W signal of the primary lesion. d Representative hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) images of white matter at the level of parietal lobe (top) and occipital lobe (bottom) for control (left) and ZikV animals (right). Arrowheads indicate areas of vacuolization seen in the H&E staining of white matter. e plots representing semi-quantitative scoring of white matter vacuolar changes (concordance of two blinded evaluators; n = 6 CTL and 6 ZikV animals) performed on H&E staining of deep white matter from frontal, parietal, and occipital brain regions as well as corpus callosum. Vacuolar changes were scored from 0–3 using an ordinal system; grade 0 indicated normal tissue and grade 3 indicated moderate vacuolation over at least 2/3 of the tissue area. Data for graphs are provided as a Source Data file. Error bars, mean ± SEM. Source data are provided as a Source Data file.