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. 2024 Jun 19;14:14105. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-64882-z

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Co-occurrence of honeybee pathogens with AmFV infection. (a) depicted the infection rate of various pathogens in AmFV-positive and AmFV-negative colonies; (b) visualized the number of different pathogens detected (present or absent) within each group. Statistical analysis using the likelihood ratio chi-square test was performed. Asterisks denoted statistically significant differences (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.001), while: “ns” indicated no significant difference.