Table I.
Key references concerning ozone mechanisms considered in the present review ordered by publication date.
| First author, year | Study type | Type of ozone and topic of research | (Refs.) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ebensberger, 2002 | In vitro | Ozonized water; proliferation of cementoblasts and fibroblasts | (83) |
| Celiberti, 2006 | In vitro | Gaseous ozone; enamel properties | (6) |
| Grootveld, 2006 | In vitro | Gaseous ozone; oxidation of salivary biomolecules | (56) |
| Huth, 2006 | In vitro | Gaseous ozone, ozonized water; cytotoxicity on oral epithelial cells and gingival fibroblasts | (86) |
| Huth, 2007 | In vitro | Ozonized water; NF-κB system | (10) |
| Cardoso, 2008 | In vitro | Ozonized water; microbial endotoxins | (53) |
| Noguchi, 2009 | In vitro | Ozonized water; odontoblast-like cells | (74) |
| Raafat Abdelaziz, 2011 | In vitro | Gaseous ozone; dentinal tubules | (68) |
| Gürsoy, 2012 | In vitro | Gaseous ozone; dentinal tubules | (70) |
| Alpan, 2016 | Animal model | Gaseous ozone; bone regeneration | (89) |
| Estrela, 2017 | In vitro | Gaseous ozone; dentine remineralization; biofilm | (40) |
| Amin, 2018 | Animal model | Gaseous ozone injection; immunomodulation; candidiasis | (60) |
| Colombo, 2018 | In vitro | Ozonized oil; biocompatibility; gingival fibroblasts | (85) |
| Wang, 2018 | In vitro | Ozonized oil; gingival fibroblasts proliferation; immunomodulation | (84) |
| Krunić, 2019 | Ex vivo human study | Gaseous ozone; dental pulp | (81) |
| Leewananthawet, 2019 | In vitro | Ozonized water; oxidative stress; periodontal fibroblasts | (93) |
| Bayer Alinca, 2020 | Animal model | Gaseous ozone; bone healing | (92) |
| Dikopova, 2021 | Animal model and clinical human study | Gaseous ozone; dental pulp; dentine | (72) |
| Küçük, 2021 | In vitro | Ozonized water; cytotoxicity; dental pulp | (73) |
| Cenci, 2022 | Review | Ozone; antiviral immunomodulatory effects | (59) |
| Ferreira, 2022 | In vitro | Ozonized water; dentine metalloproteinases; dental pulp cells | (71) |
| Floare, 2023 | In vitro | Gaseous ozone; enamel microstructure | (24) |
| Vieira, 2023 | Animal model | Gaseous ozone; bone inflammation and regeneration | (88) |
| De Souza, 2024 | Animal model | Gaseous ozone; myofascial pain and inflammation related to temporomandibular disorders | (96) |
| Lima Neto, 2024 | Animal model | Gaseous ozone; bone metabolism following biphosphate treatment for osteoporosis | (87) |