. 2024 May 15;103(8):103858. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103858

Table 4.

Effect of immersion Japanese quail eggs with different levels of riboflavin on blood traits from 6 wk of age.

Items	Immersion treated group				SEM	P- value¹
Items	Control	3g	4g	5g	SEM	T	L	Q
Total protein (g/dL)	3.38^c	4.30^b	`4.63^b	5.00^a	2.67	0.010	0.009	0.054
Albumin (g/dL)	1.45^b	1.45^b	1.90^a	2.00^a	2.96	0.043	0.038	0.037
Globulin (g/dL)	1.93^c	2.85^ab	2.73^b	3.00^a	4.27	0.001	0.001	0.000
A/G ratio	0.76	0.51	0.70	0.67	1.85	0.214	0.011	0.223
Hemoglobin (g/dL)	15.30^c	18.65^b	19.70^ab	20.00^a	6.38	0.000	0.001	0.001
RBC's (×10⁶)	2.13^d	2.57^c	2.97^b	3.41^a	1.22	0.000	0.000	0.001
Platelets (U/L)	6.70^c	10.60^ab	11.20^a	11.50^a	5.32	0.024	0.038	0.047
WBC's (×10³)	137.50^c	187.50^b	202.50^a	209.00^a	7.34	0.024	0.028	0.022
PCV (%)	35.65^b	44.70^a	45.60^a	47.15^a	7.54	0.031	0.029	0.032
MCH (Pg)	59.35^b	59.60^a	57.75^b	61.80^a	3.25	0.038	0.034	0.029
MCV (Fi)	94.49^d	102.35^c	117.99^b	132.78^a	2.99	0.010	0.011	0.009
MCHC (g/dL)	33.20^b	39.05^a	39.50^a	41.00^a	3.33	0.010	0.017	0.014
Creatinine (mg/dL)	0.46	0.48	0.47	0.45	1.07	0.111	0.107	0.384
ALT U/L	6.83^b	9.00^a	9.25^a	9.43^a	2.80	0.001	0.004	0.003
AST U/L	137.40^c	159.30^b	169.55^a	173.00^a	4.62	0.000	0.051	0.050

^a,b

Means bearing different letters in the same row differ significantly P < 0.05, 0.001).

T, overall effects of treatments; L, linear effects of increasing riboflavin levels of quails; Q, quadratic effects of increasing riboflavin levels of quails.