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. 2024 May 21;16(5):e60804. doi: 10.7759/cureus.60804

Table 1. General information and summary of the 27 articles included in the study.

  Yes No Not reported or unclear
Reporting of research objectives
Specific hypothesis 4 10 13
Statistical significance and clinical relevance    
Multiple domains 17 10 0
If yes, was statistical correction used? 0 3 14
Repeated assessments 24 3 0
If yes, was a statistical technique used that allowed the inclusion of repeated assessment points, or was a statistical correction used? 16 7 1
Reporting of descriptive data 17 10 0
Primary statistical method      
Linear mixed models 7 NA NA
Wilcoxon rank-sum test or t-test 6 NA NA
ANOVA or linear regression 2 NA NA
Time to event 2 NA NA
Repeated measures ANOVA 2 NA NA
Proportion of patients or responder analysis 1 NA NA
Others 3 NA NA
Unreported or unclear 4 NA NA
Reporting of clinical relevance 6 21 0
Change of X points from baseline 4 NA NA
X points difference between arms 1 NA NA
Change of X points from baseline and X points difference between arms 1 NA NA
Baseline assessment      
Assessed baseline 24 2 1
Compared baseline scores between treatments 7 17 0
Included baseline as a covariate 12 11 1
Assessing the prevalence and handling of missing data  
Intention-to-treat population 5 18 4
Baseline compliance rates for each treatment arm 16 11 NA
Follow-up compliance rates for each treatment arm 20 7 NA
Strategy to handle missing data 16 11 NA