Table 3.
Prognostic factors affecting PFS of patients using univariable and multivariable analyses before and after PSM.
| Variables | Before PSM | After PSM | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariable | Multivariable | Univariable | Multivariable | |||||||||
| HR | 95% CI | P value | HR | 95% CI | P value | HR | 95% CI | P value | HR | 95% CI | P value | |
| Sex | ||||||||||||
| Female | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | ||||||||||
| Male | 1.062 | 0.654–1.726 | 0.807 | 1.103 | 0.647–1.881 | 0.717 | ||||||
| Age | ||||||||||||
| <50 years | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | ||||||||
| ≥50 years | 1.542 | 1.084–2.192 | 0.016 | 1.639 | 1.076–2.495 | 0.021 | 1.815 | 1.224–2.693 | 0.003 | 1.873 | 1.202–2.919 | 0.006 |
| HBsAg | ||||||||||||
| Negative | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | ||||||||
| Positive | 1.66 | 1.059–2.603 | 0.027 | 1.085 | 0.660–1.784 | 0.749 | 2.043 | 1.245–3.352 | 0.005 | 1.251 | 0.734–2.132 | 0.410 |
| Child-Pugh grade | ||||||||||||
| A | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | ||||||||
| B | 2.003 | 1.323–3.032 | 0.001 | 1.492 | 0.849–2.623 | 0.165 | 1.992 | 1.253–3.166 | 0.004 | 1.448 | 0.841–2.492 | 0.182 |
| ECOG performance status | ||||||||||||
| 0 | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | ||||||||
| 1 | 3.027 | 1.690–5.424 | <0.001 | 1.42 | 0.631–3.198 | 0.397 | 2.216 | 1.151–4.267 | 0.017 | 1.644 | 0.808–3.344 | 0.170 |
| ALBI | ||||||||||||
| 1 | 1 (ref) | 0.001 | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 0.001 | 1 (ref) | 0.353 | |||||
| 2 | 0.55 | 0.134–2.257 | 0.407 | 0.960 | 0.603–1.529 | 0.864 | 1.958 | 1.345–2.851 | <0.001 | 1.183 | 0.773–1.811 | 0.438 |
| 3 | 1.078 | 0.262–4.429 | 0.917 | 1.002 | 0.209–4.810 | 0.998 | 2.794 | 0.678–11.509 | 0.155 | 2.873 | 0.591–13.974 | 0.191 |
| NLR | 1.026 | 1.000–1.052 | 0.046 | 1.007 | 0.976–1.040 | 0.642 | 1.022 | 0.995–1.049 | 0.114 | |||
| Extrahepatic metastasis | ||||||||||||
| Without | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | |||||||||
| With | 1.628 | 1.111–2.385 | 0.012 | 1.094 | 0.614–1.949 | 0.759 | 1.432 | 0.942–2.176 | 0.093 | |||
| Macroscopic vascular invasion | ||||||||||||
| Without | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | ||||||||
| With | 1.823 | 1.280–2.597 | <0.001 | 1.148 | 0.719–1.835 | 0.563 | 1.685 | 1.150–2.469 | 0.007 | 1.249 | 0.815–1.912 | 0.307 |
| Tumor size | ||||||||||||
| <50 mm | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | ||||||||
| ≥50 mm | 1.512 | 1.076–2.124 | 0.017 | 1.129 | 0.762–1.674 | 0.545 | 1.525 | 1.057–2.200 | 0.024 | 1.165 | 0.779–1.741 | 0.457 |
| Tumor number | ||||||||||||
| <4 | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | |||||||||
| ≥4 | 2.390 | 1.692–3.376 | <0.001 | 1.194 | 0.805–1.771 | 0.378 | 1.116 | 0.765–1.627 | 0.570 | |||
| AFP | ||||||||||||
| <400 ng/mL | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | ||||||||
| ≥400 ng/mL | 1.768 | 1.260–2.483 | 0.001 | 1.224 | 0.812–1.848 | 0.335 | 1.624 | 1.126–2.341 | 0.009 | 1.144 | 0.759–1.725 | 0.521 |
| Treatment | ||||||||||||
| PD1 | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | ||||||||
| RT + PD1 | 0.395 | 0.280–0.556 | <0.001 | 0.474 | 0.316–0.711 | <0.001 | 0.418 | 0.288–0.606 | <0.001 | 0.446 | 0.301–0.661 | <0.001 |
| Targeted therapy | ||||||||||||
| Without | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | ||||||||||
| With | 1.393 | 0.952–2.039 | 0.088 | 1.196 | 0.781–1.832 | 0.409 | ||||||
AFP: Alpha fetoprotein; ALBI: Albumin–bilirubin; CI: Confidence interval; ECOG: Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; HR: Hazard ratio; HBsAg: Hepatitis B surface antigen; NLR: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; PD1: Anti-programmed death receptor-1 inhibitor; PFS: Progression-free survival; PSM: Propensity score matching; RT: Radiotherapy.