Table 4.
Prognostic factors affecting OS of patients using univariable and multivariable analyses before and after PSM.
| Variable | Before matching | After matching | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariable | Multivariable | Univariable | Multivariable | |||||||||
| HR | 95% CI | P-value | HR | 95% CI | P-value | HR | 95% CI | P-value | HR | 95% CI | P-value | |
| Sex | ||||||||||||
| Female | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | ||||||||||
| Male | 1.120 | 0.635–1.976 | 0.696 | 1.180 | 0.638–2.181 | 0.598 | ||||||
| Age | ||||||||||||
| <50 years | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | ||||||||
| ≥50 years | 1.855 | 1.23–2.797 | 0.003 | 2.016 | 1.239–3.281 | 0.005 | 2.193 | 1.397–3.444 | 0.001 | 2.385 | 1.379–4.123 | 0.002 |
| HBsAg | ||||||||||||
| Negative | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | |||||||||
| Positive | 1.525 | 0.902–2.579 | 0.116 | 2.093 | 1.132–3.873 | 0.019 | 1.533 | 0.781–3.012 | 0.215 | |||
| Child-Pugh grade | ||||||||||||
| A | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | ||||||||
| B | 3.308 | 2.133–5.13 | <0.001 | 2.784 | 1.499–5.172 | 0.001 | 2.876 | 1.763–4.694 | 0.001 | 2.402 | 1.259–4.580 | 0.008 |
| ECOG performance status | ||||||||||||
| 0 | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | ||||||||
| 1 | 4.019 | 1.753–9.216 | 0.001 | 2.01 | 0.823–4.91 | 0.126 | 2.738 | 1.106–6.783 | 0.029 | 1.676 | 0.614–4.572 | 0.313 |
| ALBI | ||||||||||||
| 1 | 1 (ref) | 0.001 | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 0.020 | 1 (ref) | 0.353 | |||||
| 2 | 2.115 | 1.412–3.168 | <0.001 | 0.906 | 0.521–1.579 | 0.729 | 1.581 | 1.016–2.461 | 0.042 | 0.984 | 0.585–1.657 | 0.953 |
| 3 | 3.901 | 0.935–16.272 | 0.062 | 1.584 | 0.314–8.002 | 0.578 | 5.086 | 1.211–21.356 | 0.026 | 3.152 | 0.573–17.335 | 0.187 |
| NLR | 1.032 | 1.008–1.056 | 0.009 | 1.008 | 0.982–1.036 | 0.541 | 1.028 | 1.003–1.054 | 0.028 | 1.008 | 0.981–1.036 | 0.577 |
| Extrahepatic metastasis | ||||||||||||
| Without | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | ||||||||||
| With | 1.474 | 0.934–2.327 | 0.096 | 1.281 | 0.772–2.128 | 0.338 | ||||||
| Macroscopic vascular invasion | ||||||||||||
| Without | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | ||||||||
| With | 2.099 | 1.394–3.162 | <0.001 | 1.338 | 0.808–2.217 | 0.257 | 1.810 | 1.159–2.827 | 0.009 | 1.400 | 0.800–2.450 | 0.238 |
| Tumor size | ||||||||||||
| <50 mm | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | ||||||||
| ≥50 mm | 1.942 | 1.297–2.906 | 0.001 | 1.354 | 0.860–2.130 | 0.190 | 1.907 | 1.224–2.969 | 0.004 | 1.386 | 0.832–2.311 | 0.210 |
| Tumor number | ||||||||||||
| <4 | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | |||||||||
| ≥4 | 3.175 | 2.092–4.819 | <0.001 | 1.439 | 0.912–2.269 | 0.118 | 0.692 | 0.434–1.105 | 0.123 | |||
| AFP | ||||||||||||
| <400 ng/mL | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | ||||||||
| ≥400 ng/mL | 1.888 | 1.259–2.831 | 0.002 | 1.036 | 0.646–1.662 | 0.882 | 1.731 | 1.113–2.692 | 0.015 | 1.010 | 0.587–1.740 | 0.970 |
| Treatment | ||||||||||||
| PD1 | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | ||||||||
| RT + PD1 | 0.517 | 0.345–0.776 | 0.001 | 0.607 | 0.379–0.971 | 0.037 | 0.585 | 0.373–0.917 | 0.019 | 0.595 | 0.359–0.983 | 0.043 |
| Targeted therapy | ||||||||||||
| Without | 1 (ref) | 1 (ref) | ||||||||||
| With | 1.186 | 0.754–1.866 | 0.459 | 1.054 | 0.635–1.751 | 0.838 | ||||||
AFP: Alpha fetoprotein; ALBI: Albumin–bilirubin; CI: Confidence interval; ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group; HR: Hazard ratio; HBsAg: Hepatitis B surface antigen; NLR: Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio; OS: Overall survival; PD1: Anti-programmed death receptor-1 inhibitor; PSM: Propensity score matching; RT: Radiotherapy.