Table 2.
Brain volumes and cognitive test performance in SCI/MCI and AD patients
| Baseline | 2-year follow-up | |||||
| SCI/MCI(n = 106) | AD(n = 59) | p | SCI/MCI(n = 48) | AD(n = 27) | p | |
| Brain volumes (cm3) | ||||||
| Total white matter | 446 (401–487) | 420 (395–476) | 0.17 | 444 (403–483) | 406 (358–462) | 0.04 |
| Total corpus callosum | 2.74 (2.47–3.15) | 2.54 (2.29–2.83) | <0.001 | 2.73 (2.47–3.07) | 2.25 (1.93–2.45) | <0.001 |
| WMHs | 2.26 (1.56–3.90) | 3.79 (2.44–5.28) | <0.001 | 2.6 (1.8–3.8) | 6.0 (3.9–11.2) | <0.001 |
| Subsections of corpus callosum | ||||||
| Anterior part | 1.17 (1.03–1.28) | 1.04 (0.92–1.20) | <0.01 | 1.08 (0.98–1.23) | 0.94 (0.88–0.97) | <0.01 |
| Central part | 0.37 (0.32–0.43) | 0.33 (0.28–0.37) | <0.01 | 0.35 (0.31–0.41) | 0.30 (0.25–0.35) | <0.001 |
| Posterior part | 1.22 (1.11–1.39) | 1.14 (1.03–1.28) | <0.01 | 1.20 (1.09–1.30) | 1.00 (0.90–1.17) | <0.001 |
| Global cognitive function | ||||||
| MMSE | 29 (28–30) | 27 (25–28) | <0.001 | 29 (28–30) | 22 (20–26) | <0.001 |
| Speed and executive function (response time in s) | ||||||
| TMT-A | 35 (31–45) | 50 (41–63) | <0.001 | 39 (31–45) | 52 (36–67) | 0.03 |
| TMT-B | 82 (64–108) | 145 (101–195) | <0.001 | 86 (65–111) | 164 (108–203) | <0.001 |
| Stroop Test I | 14 (12–16) | 17 (14–22) | <0.001 | 15 (12–17) | 18 (14–23) | 0.01 |
| Stroop Test II | 17 (16–21) | 24 (21–34) | <0.001 | 18 (16–20) | 25 (19–36) | <0.001 |
| Stroop Test III | 26 (23–32) | 39 (30–57) | <0.001 | 26 (23–33) | 41 (28–65) | <0.001 |
Values are presented as the median (25th–75th percentiles) if not stated otherwise. Between-group differences were calculated using the Mann-Whitney U test. Significant p values are reported as bold text. AD, Alzheimer’s disease; MMSE, Mini Mental State Examination; SCI/MCI, subjective/objective mild cognitive impairment; TMT-A, trail making test A; TMT-B, trail making test B; WMH, white matter hyperintensity.