Table 2.

Multivariable-Adjusted Models of Functional Connectivity MRI Measures as a Function of Loneliness Status ^aPrimary outcomes indicated with emphasized border; all others are secondary outcomes

	Model 1b			Model 2c			Model 3d
fcMRI Measures	No. of	Estimate	p	No. of	Estimate	p	No. of	Estimate	p
	participants	(SE)		participants	(SE)		participants	(SE)
DMN-Intra	381	–0.0003 (0.0102)	0.9733	381	–0.0003 (0.0102)	0.9732	381	–0.0040 (0.0106)	0.7049
Limbic-Intra	381	–0.0157 (0.0116)	0.1770	381	–0.0151 (0.0116)	0.1927	381	–0.0170 (0.0121)	0.1614
Frontoparietal-Intra	381	0.0085 (0.0117)	0.4644	381	0.0083 (0.0117)	0.4785	381	0.0022 (0.0121)	0.8546
Dorsal Attention-Intra	381	0.0055 (0.0105)	0.6016	381	0.0052 (0.0105)	0.6219	381	0.0023 (0.0110)	0.8320
Ventral Attention-Intra	381	0.01 (0.01)	0.56	381	0.01 (0.01)	0.54	381	0.01 (0.01)	0.57
Somatomotor-Intra	381	0.00 (0.03)	0.99	381	0.00 (0.03)	0.99	381	0.002 (0.03)	0.94
Visual-Intra	381	0.005 (0.01)	0.6	381	0.005 (0.01)	0.59	381	0.002 (0.01)	0.82
DMN to Limbic	381	–0.001 (0.003)	0.8	381	–0.001 (0.003)	0.81	381	–0.001 (0.003)	0.85

DMN, Default Mode Network. ^aPredictor: Lonely (1 + days/week) versus not lonely (<1 days/week). ^bModel 1: Age, age-squared, sex, time interval between loneliness assessment and PET camera (binary variable: HR+vs. Smoothed Discovery GE). ^cModel 2:+Level of educational achievement (three-level variable). ^dModel 3:+Modified CES-D (continuous, logarithm of CES-D excluding loneliness item).