Table 5.
Multivariable-Adjusted Models of PET Measures as a Function of Persistent Loneliness Statusa
| Model 1c | Model 2d | Model 3e | ||||||||
| PET Measuresb | Loneliness | No. of | Estimate | p f | No. of | Estimate | p f | No. of | Estimate | p f |
| Level | participants | (SE) | participants | (SE) | participants | (SE) | ||||
| Aβ, FLR | Persistent | 401 | 0.00 (0.02) | 0.99 | 401 | 0.00 (0.02) | 0.99 | 358 | 0.00 (0.02) | 0.99 |
| Incident | –0.01 (0.01) | 0.99 | –0.01 (0.01) | 0.99 | –0.01 (0.01) | 0.99 | ||||
| Recovered | –0.01 (0.01) | 0.99 | –0.01 (0.01) | 0.99 | –0.01 (0.01) | 0.99 | ||||
| Absent | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||||||
| Aβ, Precuneus | Persistent | 402 | –0.01 (0.03) | 0.99 | 402 | –0.01 (0.03) | 0.99 | 359 | –0.02 (0.03) | 0.99 |
| Incident | –0.01 (0.02) | 0.99 | –0.01 (0.02) | 0.99 | –0.02 (0.03) | 0.99 | ||||
| Recovered | –0.01 (0.02) | 0.99 | –0.01 (0.02) | 0.99 | –0.02 (0.02) | 0.99 | ||||
| Absent | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||||||
| Tau, Amygdala | Persistent | 314 | –0.03 (0.03) | 0.99 | 314 | –0.02 (0.03) | 0.99 | 281 | –0.01 (0.03) | 0.99 |
| Incident | 0.00 (0.02) | 0.99 | 0.00 (0.02) | 0.99 | 0.01 (0.03) | 0.99 | ||||
| Recovered | 0.00 (0.02) | 0.99 | –0.01 (0.02) | 0.99 | –0.01 (0.03) | 0.99 | ||||
| Absent | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||||||
| Tau, Entorhinal | Persistent | 314 | –0.02 (0.02) | 0.99 | 314 | –0.02 (0.02) | 0.99 | 281 | –0.03 (0.02) | 0.99 |
| Incident | 0.00 (0.02) | 0.99 | 0.00 (0.02) | 0.99 | 0.00 (0.02) | 0.99 | ||||
| Recovered | 0.00 (0.02) | 0.99 | 0.00 (0.02) | 0.99 | 0.00 (0.02) | 0.99 | ||||
| Absent | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||||||
| Tau, Rhinal | Persistent | 307 | –0.03 (0.02) | 0.99 | 307 | –0.02 (0.02) | 0.99 | 276 | –0.03 (0.03) | 0.99 |
| Incident | 0.01 (0.02) | 0.99 | 0.01 (0.02) | 0.99 | 0.00 (0.01) | 0.99 | ||||
| Recovered | 0.01 (0.02) | 0.99 | 0.01 (0.02) | 0.99 | 0.00 (0.02) | 0.99 | ||||
| Absent | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||||||
| Tau, Inferior Temporal | Persistent | 314 | –0.01 (0.02) | 0.99 | 314 | –0.01 (0.02) | 0.99 | 281 | –0.01 (0.02) | 0.99 |
| Incident | 0.00 (0.01) | 0.99 | 0.00 (0.01) | 0.99 | 0.00 (0.02) | 0.99 | ||||
| Recovered | 0.00 (0.01) | 0.99 | 0.00 (0.01) | 0.99 | –0.01 (0.02) | 0.99 | ||||
| Absent | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||||||
| Tau, Parahippocampus | Persistent | 314 | –0.03 (0.02) | 0.99 | 314 | –0.02 (0.02) | 0.99 | 281 | –0.02 (0.02) | 0.99 |
| Incident | –0.01(0.02) | 0.99 | 0.00 (0.02) | 0.99 | 0.00 (0.02) | 0.99 | ||||
| Recovered | 0.00 (0.01) | 0.99 | 0.00 (0.01) | 0.99 | 0.00 (0.02) | 0.99 | ||||
| Absent | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||||||
| Tau, Precuneus | Persistent | 314 | –0.03 (0.02) | 0.99 | 314 | –0.02 (0.02) | 0.99 | 281 | –0.02 (0.02) | 0.99 |
| Incident | 0.00 (0.01) | 0.99 | 0.00 (0.01) | 0.99 | 0.00 (0.02) | 0.99 | ||||
| Recovered | –0.01 (0.01) | 0.99 | –0.02 (0.01) | 0.99 | –0.02 (0.02) | 0.99 | ||||
| Absent | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||||||
| Tau, Medial Orbitofrontal | Persistent | 314 | –0.02 (0.02) | 0.99 | 314 | –0.02 (0.02) | 0.99 | 281 | –0.01 (0.02) | 0.99 |
| Incident | –0.01 (0.02) | 0.99 | –0.01 (0.02) | 0.99 | 0.00 (0.02) | 0.99 | ||||
| Transient | 0.00 (0.02) | 0.99 | –0.01 (0.02) | 0.99 | 0.00 (0.02) | 0.99 | ||||
| Recovered | Ref | Ref | Ref | |||||||
Aβ, Amyloid-β; FLR, Frontal, lateral parietal and lateral temporal, and retrosplenial cortices. aPredictor: four-level exposure variable, persistent/incident/recovered/absent. bPET measurements provided as Partial-Volume Uncorrected values. cModel 1: Age, age-squared, sex, time interval between loneliness assessment and PET camera (binary variable: HR+vs. Smoothed Discovery GE). dModel 2:+Level of educational achievement (three-level variable). eModel 3:+Modified CES-D (continuous, logarithm of CES-D excluding loneliness item). fFDR-corrected p-value.