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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Prev Med. 2023 Jul 9;65(6):1069–1077. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2023.07.003

Table 2.

Participant Characteristics of 3,312 Participants Representing 195,167,928 U.S. Adults by Weight Status

Characteristics Normal BMI, Weighted %
(SE) (n=848; 26.3%)
Overweight, weighted %
(SE) (n=976; 29.0%)
Obese, weighted % (SE)
(n=1,488; 44.7%)
Age, in years, mean (SD) 40.6 (1.9) 48.0 (1.9) 46.6 (1.4)
Female 56.1 (3.2) 45.9 (2.9) 48.0 (2.2)
Race/ethnicity
 Asian 8.5 (1.6) 7.4 (1.5) 2.2 (0.4)
 Black 10.2 (1.5) 9.6 (1.9) 13.4 (2.2)
 Hispanic 11.4 (1.7) 18.8 (2.7) 17.5 (2.2)
 Multiracial/additional 3.7 (0.7) 4.3 (1.1) 4.3 (1.1)
 White 66.2 (2.9) 59.9 (4.6) 59.9 (4.6)
Education
 Some HS or lower 14.5 (1.7) 10.1 (1.5) 10.6 (0.8)
 HS diploma, AA/AS degree, or some college 48.2 (3.6) 52.1 (3.1) 64.4 (2.6)
 Four-year college degree or higher 37.3 (4.5) 37.8 (3.2) 25.1 (2.5)
Family income
 ≤200% FPL 27.6 (2.3) 25.3 (2.6) 30.7 (1.6)
 >200% FPL 61.4 (2.7) 66.2 (2.6) 61.9 (2.4)
 Missing data 11.0 (1.8) 8.5 (1.5) 7.4 (1.2)
Diet-related comorbidities
 Hypertension 14.4 (2.3) 30.0 (2.2) 41.2 (2.9)
 Hyperlipidemia 23.1 (2.5) 33.8 (2.5) 33.4 (2.0)
 Diabetes 4.6 (0.8) 9.6 (1.0) 16.5 (1.4)
 Prediabetes 4.1 (0.9) 12.5 (2.4) 14.7 (1.7)
  Coronary artery disease 2.1 (0.7) 3.3 (0.7) 4.1 (0.8)
  Congestive heart failure 0.3 (0.2) 1.0 (0.3) 3.0 (0.4)
 Stroke 2.0 (0.6) 2.2 (0.7) 4.2 (0.9)
Controlling or losing weight 46.1 (2.6) 68.1 (2.6) 77.1 (1.7)
Meals away from home over past 7 days, mean (SD) 3.8 (0.6) 3.7 (0.5) 3.7 (0.3)
Recent tobacco smoking 20.0 (2.4) 17.8 (1.5) 19.6 (1.4)
Recreational physical activity, MIEMs/week, mean (SD) 318 (71) 289 (36) 243 (46)
Label use
 Did not notice labels 43.7 (3.3) 41.2 (1.7) 42.7 (1.7)
 Noticed labels 31.2 (2.5) 29.8 (3.2) 30.1 (1.8)
 Used labels 25.1 (3.0) 29.0 (2.3) 27.2 (2.6)

AA, Associate of Arts; AS, Associate of Science; FPL, federal poverty level; HS, high school; MIEM, moderate-intensity–equivalent minute.