Figure 2. Mean levels and 95% confidence intervals of fasting and 2-hour glucose, fasting insulin, glycated hemoglobin, homeostatic model of insulin resistance, and triglyceride-glucose index according to tertiles of neck circumference at 2 to 4 months after delivery in women with overweight during pregnancy or gestational diabetes.

Neck circumference tertiles: first tertile (neck circumerence ≤ 33.3 cm), second tertile (neck circumference 33.4-36.3 cm), and third tertile (neck circumference ≥ 36.4 cm). Abbreviations: HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model of insulin resistance; TyG index, triglyceride-glucose index. HOMA-IR = (fasting insulin in µIU/mL x fasting glucose in mmol/L) / 22.5. TyG index = log (fasting triglycerides in mg/dL X fasting glucose in mg/dL) / 2.