Table 6.
Results
| References | Intervention group mean depression scores (Standard Deviation) | Control group mean depression scores (Standard Deviation) | Treatment effect (P value) | Effect size | Factors affecting efficacy | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baseline | Post-intervention | Baseline | Post-Intervention | ||||
| Adegbolagun et al. [54] | 4.50 (2.81) | 2.83 (1.92) | NA | NA | P < 0.02 | NA | Increase in coping as a possible mediator |
| Are et al. [55] | 24.30 (6.59) | 4.60 (7.35) | 24.25 (6.06) | 17.05 (11.17) | P = 0.0001 | np2 = 0.32 | Age, gender, religion, and parent’s level of education did not predict outcome. Increased self esteem and knowledge of depression as possible mediators |
| Bella-Awusah et al. [56] | 25.3 (8.8) | 11.8 (9.5) | 24.2 (6.1) | 21.1 (7.9) | P = 0.0001 | ƞp2 = 0.31 | NR |
| Bolton et al. [75] | 43.5 (10.1) | 27.8 (17.2) | 44.2 (10.8) | 37.3 (15.8) | P = 0.02 | NR | Sex predicted the outcome. Age did not predict outcome. Increased adherence was associated with reduction in symptoms |
| Ede et al. [57] | 49.10 (6.25) | 12.45 (6.61) | 50.44 (7.68) | 49.30 (4.99) | P < 0.001 | ƞp2 = 0.88 | NR |
| Eseadi et al. [58] | 40.15 (4.24) | 12.91 (5.70) | 41.97 (4.92) | 44.39 (5.56) | P < 0.0001 | ƞp2 = 0.82 | NR |
| Ezegbe et al. [59] | 68.57 (10.06) | 14.68 (1.63) | 65.11 (13.06) | 64.63 (17.13) | P = 0.0001 | ƞp2 = 0.91 | Level of adherence did not moderate treatment outcome |
| Ezeudu et al. [60] | 46 (6) | 24 (4) | 43 (5) | 42(4) | P < 0.001 | ƞp2 = 0.916 | NR |
| Getanda and Vostanis [63] | 18.1 (6.7) | 10 (6.9) | 15.8 (5.3) | 17.0 (5.5) | P = 0.0001 | np2 = 0.338 | NR |
| Isa et al. [61] | 24.4 (11.18) | 3.94 (2.10) | NA | NA | P = 0.001 | NA | Increased Hope and knowledge of depression as a possible mediator |
| Kaminer et al. [70] | 26.97 (14.96) | 15.44 (14.16) | 26.79 (13.27) | 23.44 (17) | P = 0.03 | d = 0.51 | NR |
| McMullen et al. [67] | 38.1 (9.3) | 7.0 (5.8) | 38.1 (11.1) | 29.3 (13.6) | P < 0.001 | ƞp2 = 0.567 | NR |
| O'Callaghan et al. [68] | 37.96 (10.16) | 13.96 (10.30) | 39.18 (10.57) | 40.04 (15.18) | P < 0.001 | ƞp2 = 0.517 | NR |
| Ofoegbu et al. [62] | 65.30 (2.61) | 8.60 (0.21) | 64.78 (3.67) | 65.50 (2.4) | P = 0.0001 | ƞp2 = 0.959 | NR |
| Olashore et al. [71] | 13 (2.0) | 7 (3.0) | 13 (3.0) | 9 (2.0) | P = 0.001 | ƞp2 = 0.20 | NR |
| Osborn et al. [65] | 14.43 (3.35) | 8.46 (4.98) | 13.18 (2.89) | 10.64 (4.89) | P = 0.028 | d = 0.5 | Younger adolescents reported larger declines in depressive symptoms. Adolescents with moderate to severe depression had larger symptom reduction |
| Osborn et al. [64] | 13.43 (4.14) | 10.21 (4.39) | 12.91 (3.52) | 12.52 (4.23) | P = 0.038 | d = 0.32 | Age and sex were not associated with outcome |
| Osborn et al. [66] | 8.29 (5.30) | 5.69 (4.23) | 8.40 (4.69) | 8.37 (5.53) | P = 0.001 | d = 0.52 | NR |
| Rivet-Duval et al. [73] | 51.8 (9.07) | 47.5 (7.95) | 50.61 (9.19) | 49.98 (11.07) | P < 0.001 | d = 0.32 | NR |
| Thurman et al. [69] | 16.03 (1.39) | 16.46 (1.92) | 14.67(1.26) | 15.63 (2.12) | P = 0.145 | NE | Age and sex showed no moderation effect on results |
| Tol et al. [72] | 9.97 (4.82) | 8.15(5.02) | 11.28 (5.08) | 8.49 (5.8) | P = 0.149 | NE | Larger households and having both parents were effect moderators |
| Unterhitzenberger and Rosner [74] | 18.8 (10.60) | 20.6 (11.4) | 15.7 (9.9) | 12.1 (10.3) | P = 0.518 | NE | NR |
NA Not applicable, NR Not reported, NE No effect
Measures of effect: np2, Partial Eta Squared, d Cohen’s D