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. 2024 Apr 20;66(2):164–191. doi: 10.1007/s12016-024-08991-7

Table 2.

Chemokine and their receptors in psoriasis

Chemokine Receptor Biological effects in psoriasis Level in psoriasis Ref.
CCL2/MCP-1 CCR2, CCR4 - DCs and Langerhans cells chemotaxis to the skin ↑ CCR2 in lesional skin [27, 126, 127]
- CCR4 is a skin-homing receptor ↑ CCR4 in T cells in peripheral blood and psoriatic skin lesions
↑ CCL2 in lesional skin and serum
↑ CCL2 in KCs by TNF-α and IFN-γ
CCL3/MIP-1α CCR1, CCR5 - TH1 cells, DCs, and monocytes chemotaxis to the skin ↑ CCL3 in lesional skin [27, 128]
- CCR5 regulates lymphocyte detention in the dermis ↑ CCR5 in lesional skin
↑ CCR5+ T cells and macrophages in the dermis of lesional skin
CCL4/MIP-1β CCR1, CCR5 - TH1 cells, DCs, and monocytes chemotaxis to the skin ↑ CCL4 in lesional skin [27, 128, 129]
CCL5/RANTES CCR1, CCR3, CCR5 - TH1 cells and monocytes chemotaxis to the skin ↑ CCL5 in lesional skin [27, 47, 128, 130]
↑ CCL5 in the KCs in lesional skin
↑CCL5 by IFN-α
CCL19/MIP-3 β CCR7 - T cells and DCs chemotaxis to the lymph nodes, regulation of dermal lymphoid-like tissue ↑ CCL19 in lesional skin [131]
↑ CCR7 in lesional skin
CCL20/MIP-3α CCR6 - TH17 cells, γδ T cells, DCs, and LCs chemotaxis to the skin ↑ CCL20 in lesional skin [127, 132134]
↑ CCL20 in KCs by IFN-γ, IL-17A, and IL-22
↑ CCL20 in KCs, melanocytes, and dermal endothelial cells by TNF-α and IL-1β
↑ CCR6+ T cells in lesional skin
↑ CCR6 by TH17 cytokines
CCL21/SLC CCR7 - T cells and DCs chemotaxis to the lymph nodes ↓ CCL21+ vessels in psoriatic skin [135]
CCL18/PARC CCR8

- CD4+ and CD8+

T cells chemotaxis

↑ CCL18 in lesional skin [136]
CCL27/CTACK CCR10 - CLA+ T cells chemotaxis ↓ CCL27 in lesional skin [129, 137, 138]
↑ CCL27 in serum of psoriasis patients
↑ CCR10 in T cells in psoriatic lesions
↑ CCL27 in KCs by TNF-α and IL-1β
CXCL1/GRO-α CXCR2 - Neutrophils chemotaxis to the skin ↑ CXCR2 in psoriatic KCs [139]
CXCL5/ENA78 CXCR2 - Neutrophils chemotaxis to the skin ↑CXCL5 in the serum of psoriasis patients [139, 140]
↑ CXCR2 in psoriatic KCs
CXCL9/MIG CXCR3 - T cells chemotaxis ↑ CXCL9 in lesional skin [95, 125, 141]
↑ CXCR3 in lesional skin
↑ CXCR3 in epidermal T cells, macrophages, and pDCs in lesional skin
CXCL10/IP-10 CXCR3 - T cells chemotaxis ↑ CXCL10 in lesional skin, especially in KCs [27, 47, 95, 125]
CXCL11/I-TAC CXCR3 - T cells chemotaxis ↑ CXCL11 in lesional skin [125, 130]
↑ CXCL11 by IFN-α
CXCL12/SDF-1 CXCR4, CXCR7 - Neutrophils, monocytes, T cells, and DCs chemotaxis ↑ SDF-1 in lesional skin [142]
↑ CXCR4 in lesional skin
CX3CL1 CX3CR1 - Migration and adhesion of leukocytes ↑ CX3CL1 in endothelial cells and KCs in lesional skin [143]
↑ CX3CL1 by TNF-α and IFN-γ
↑ CX3CR1 in T cells in lesional skin