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. 2024 Jun 8;10(2):197–216. doi: 10.1002/ibra.12167

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© 2024 The Authors. Ibrain published by Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University and Wiley‐VCH GmbH.

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Potential mechanisms underlying the promotion of perioperative neurocognitive disorders by sleep disorders. BBB, blood–brain barrier; HO‐1, heme oxygenase‐1; M1, M1 polarization; mTORC1, mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1; NADPH, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate hydrogen; NMDAR2A, NMDAN‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor 2A subunit; Nrf2, nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2; PDE4, phosphodiesterase 4; ROS, reactive oxygen species. [Color figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]