Fig. 3.

The effects of aerobic training on mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases in the hippocampus (HIP) and prefrontal cortex (PFC) of diabetic rats. A A representative immunoblotting image of phosphorylated GSK-3β (p-GSK-3β), total GSK-3β, C phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 (p-ERK1/2), total ERK1/2, E phosphorylated P38 (p-P38), total P38, and β-Actin of different groups. Graphs show the ratio of p-GSK-3β/ GSK-3β (B), p-ERK1/2/ERK1/2 (D), and p-P38/P38 (F) in the HIP and PFC of sedentary and training groups (n = 3). Data shown represent mean ± SEM: Un-paired t-test, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001