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. 2024 Jun 24;14:14555. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-61244-7

Table 2.

Classification of all-cause hospitalizations as COVID-19-specific hospitalizations (N = 247) or non-COVID-19-specific hospitalizations (N = 73).

Total By vaccination status By time elapsed between breakthrough infection and admission
Boosted Vaccinated, not boosted Not vaccinated Status unclear p-value for COVID-specific versus non-specific* Hospitalized 0–15 days Hospitalized 16–30 days p-value for COVID-specific versus non-specific
Overall 300 69 99 127 5 280 20
COVID-19-specific hospitalizations
  All 226 (75.3) 41 (59.4) 73 (73.7) 108 (85.0) 4 (80.0)  < 0.001 217 (77.5) 9 (45) 0.003
  COVID-19 pneumonia 147 (65.0) 26 (63.4) 40 (54.8) 79 (73.1) 2 (50.0) 145 (66.8) 2 (22.2)
  Cardiovascular events 23 (10.2) 3 (7.3) 10 (13.7) 9 (8.3) 1 (25.0) 22 (10.1) 1 (11.1)
  Weakness/falls 12 (5.3) 2 (4.9) 6 (8.2) 3 (2.8) 1 (25.0) 11 (5.1) 1 (11.1)
  COPD/asthma exacerbation 8 (3.5) 4 (9.8) 0 (0.0) 4 (3.7) 0 (0.0) 7 (3.2) 1 (11.1)
  Neurocognitive disorders 8 (3.5) 1 (2.4) 4 (5.5) 3 (2.8) 0 (0.0) 7 (3.2) 1 (11.1)
  Gastrointestinal illness 8 (3.5) 0 (0.0) 4 (5.5) 4 (3.7) 0 (0.0) 7 (3.2) 1 (11.1)
  Other 6 (2.7) 2 (4.9) 4 (5.5) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 6 (2.8) 0 (0.0)
  Thromboembolic events 4 (1.8) 1 (2.4) 2 (2.7) 1 (0.9) 0 (0.0) 4 (1.8) 0 (0.0)
  Isolation/observation for COVID 19 4 (1.8) 1 (2.4) 0 (0.0) 3 (2.8) 0 (0.0) 4 (1.8) 0 (0.0)
  Kidney disease 3 (1.3) 1 (2.4) 1 (1.4) 1 (0.9) 0 (0.0) 2 (0.9) 1 (11.1)
  Non-COVID infectious disease 3 (1.3) 0 (0.0) 2 (2.7) 1 (0.9) 0 (0.0) 2 (0.9) 1 (11.1)
Non-COVID-19-specific hospitalizations
  All 74 (24.7) 28 (40.6) 26 (26.3) 19 (15.0) 1 (20.0) 63 (22.5) 11 (55.0)
  GI illness 17 (23.0) 9 (32.1) 5 (19.2) 3 (15.8) 0 (0.0) 13 (20.6) 4 (36.4)
  Mental illness or substance abuse 16 (21.6) 3 (10.7) 6 (23.1) 7 (36.8) 0 (0.0) 13 (20.6) 3 (27.3)
  Non-COVID infectious disease 15 (20.3) 8 (28.6) 4 (15.4) 2 (10.5) 1 (100.0) 14 (22.2) 1 (9.1)
  Cardiovascular events 6 (8.1) 2 (7.1) 2 (7.7) 2 (10.5) 0 (0.0) 6 (9.5) 0 (0.0)
  Pain syndrome 6 (8.1) 2 (7.1) 2 (7.7) 2 (10.5) 0 (0.0) 6 (9.5) 0 (0.0)
  Genitourinary illness 5 (6.8) 2 (7.1) 1 (3.8) 2 (10.5) 0 (0.0) 4 (6.3) 1 (9.1)
  Other 4 (5.4) 1 (3.6) 2 (7.7) 1 (5.3) 0 (0.0) 4 (6.3) 0 (0.0)
  Neurocognitive disorders 2 (2.7) 0 (0.0) 2 (7.7) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 2 (3.2) 0 (0.0)
  Oncology 2 (2.7) 1 (3.6) 1 (3.8) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 1 (1.6) 1 (9.1)
  Kidney disease 1 (1.4) 0 (0.0) 1 (3.8) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 0 (0.0) 1 (9.1)

*More details of these diagnoses are described in the Supplement.