Table 2. Association of antimony with cognitive impairment among Chinese older adults in selected population subgroups from 2017 to 2021.
Association of antimony with cognitive impairment among Chinese older adults in selected population subgroups from 2017 to 2021.
| Subgroup | Ln-transformed B-Sb (HR, 95% CI)§ | P interaction | Ln-transformed U-Sb (HR, 95% CI) | P interaction |
| Abbreviation: B-Sb=blood antimony; U-Sb=urine antimony; HR=hazard ratio; CI=confidence interval. * Denotes statistical significance at P<0.05. † Denotes statistical significance at P<0.01. § Model was adjusted for age, sex, ethnicity, marriage status, residence, cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, the consumption of fruit, fish, milk, and nuts, BMI, CVD, hypertension, diabetes, CKD, blood As, blood Cd, blood Se, blood Hg, blood Pb, and blood Mn. ¶ Model was adjusted for urine creatinine, age, sex, ethnicity, marriage status, residence, cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking, the consumption of fruit, fish, milk, and nuts, BMI, CVD, hypertension, diabetes, CKD, urine As, urine Cd, urine Se, urine Hg, urine Pb, and urine Mn. | ||||
| Age, years | 0.433 | 0.072 | ||
| 65–79 (n=759) | 2.577 (1.235, 5.377)* | 1.859 (1.106, 3.125)* | ||
| ≥80 (n=574) | 1.242 (0.829, 1.861) | 1.557 (1.174, 2.064)† | ||
| Sex | 0.048 | 0.666 | ||
| Men (n=703) | 2.458 (1.416, 4.267)† | 1.733 (1.243, 2.416)† | ||
| Women (n=630) | 1.041 (0.681, 1.592) | 1.293 (0.899, 1.860) | ||
| Cigarette smoking | 0.375 | 0.175 | ||
| Smoker (n=423) | 2.015 (0.974, 4.169) | 2.099 (1.345, 3.278)† | ||
| Non-smoker (n=904) | 1.445 (0.972, 2.147) | 1.536 (1.116, 2.116)† | ||
| Alcohol drinking | 0.123 | 0.653 | ||
| Drinker (n=390) | 2.705 (1.075, 6.807)* | 1.891 (1.145, 3.123)* | ||
| Non-drinker (n=934) | 1.346 (0.964, 1.881) | 1.431 (1.046, 1.957)* | ||