Table 2.
Procedural Characteristics and Outcomes
| Overall (N = 860) | HG-AS (n = 368) | NF-LG AS (n = 245) | Classical LF-LG AS (n = 74) | Paradoxical LF-LG AS (n = 173) |
P Value |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | HG vs NF-LG | ||||||
| Follow-up vital status | |||||||
| Alive | 774 (90.0) | 345 (93.8) | 216 (88.2) | 66 (89.2) | 147 (84.9) | ||
| Deceased | 86 (10.0) | 23 (6.2) | 29 (11.8) | 8 (10.8) | 26 (15.1) | 0.009 | 0.001 |
| Cardiovascular death (% of deceased) | 30 (34.9) | 8 (34.8) | 11 (37.9) | 2 (25) | 9 (34.6) | 0.927 | 0.815 |
| Noncardiovascular death (% of deceased) | 36 (41.9) | 6 (26.1) | 12 (41.4) | 4 (50) | 14 (53.8) | 0.25 | 0.25 |
| Unknown cause of death (% of deceased) | 20 (23.2) | 9 (39.1) | 6 (20.7) | 2 (25) | 3 (11.5) | 0.147 | 0.145 |
| Death during TAVR admission (% of total) | 5 (0.6) | 0 (0) | 4 (1.6) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.6) | 0.0638 | 0.0139 |
| Prosthetic valve type | 0.657 | 0.581 | |||||
| Self-expanding | 745 (86.6) | 313 (85.0) | 213 (86.9) | 68 (91.9) | 151 (87.3) | ||
| Balloon-expandable | 108 (12.6) | 51 (13.9) | 31 (12.7) | 5 (6.8) | 21 (12.1) | ||
| Mechanically-expanding | 7 (0.8) | 4 (1.1) | 1 (0.4) | 1 (1.4) | 1 (0.6) | ||
| Follow-up echocardiographic parameters | |||||||
| ≥Moderate prosthetic regurgitation | 7 (0.8) | 5 (1.4) | 1 (0.4) | 1 (1.4) | 0 (0) | 0.316 | 0.452 |
| Mean prosthetic gradient (mm Hg) | 8.6 ± 4.4 | 9.9 ± 4.4 | 7.8 ± 3.4 | 7.6 ± 3.3 | 7.4 ± 3.7 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Follow-up events (%) | |||||||
| Pacemaker implantation within 30 d | 116 (13.5) | 57 (15.7) | 30 (12.9) | 8 (11.0) | 21 (12.9) | 0.604 | 0.404 |
| Aortic valve reintervention | 2 (0.2) | 1 (0.3) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.4) | 0 (0.0) | 0.173 | 0.414 |
| Hemorrhagic stroke | 3 (0.4) | 3 (0.8) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0.259 | 0.157 |
| Ischemic stroke | 16 (1.9) | 4 (1.1) | 8 (3.4) | 2 (2.7) | 2 (1.2) | 0.203 | 0.0565 |
| Transient ischemic attack | 14 (1.7) | 7 (1.9) | 6 (2.6) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.6) | 0.306 | 0.645 |
Values are n (%) or mean ± SD. Death during TAVR admission is included in total number of deaths within the first year.
AS = aortic stenosis; HG = high-gradient; KCCQ = Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire; LF-LG = low-flow, low-gradient; NF-LG = normal-flow, low-gradient.