Table 7. Logistic model for abnormal appearance (≥2)¹, diarrhea (≥3)², and pneumonia occurrences before weaning (d 1 to 60) as influenced by feeding pasteurized waste milk (WM) and a blend of WM with milk replacer powder (WM+MR) or transition milk (WM+TM) as liquid feeds to cold-stressed newborn Holstein calves (n = 17 per treatment).

Variable and comparison	Coefficient	SE	OR3	95% CI4	P-value
Abnormal appearance
WM+MR vs. WM	−0.3303	0.154	0.71	0.53, 0.97	0.032
WM+TM vs. WM	−0.3718	0.156	0.69	0.50, 0.93	0.017
WM+MR vs. WM+TM	0.0414	0.166	1.04	0.75, 1.44	0.803
Diarrhea occurrence
WM+MR vs. WM	−0.0986	0.134	0.90	0.69, 1.17	0.461
WM+TM vs. WM	−0.0986	0.134	0.90	0.69, 1.17	0.461
WM+MR vs. WM+TM	0.0000	0.136	1.00	0.76, 1.30	1.000
Pneumonia occurrence
WM+MR vs. WM	−0.9068	0.398	0.40	0.18, 0.88	0.022
WM+TM vs. WM	−1.0255	0.415	0.35	0.15, 0.81	0.013
WM+MR vs. WM+TM	0.1188	0.487	1.12	0.43, 2.93	0.807

¹1 = normal and alert; 2 = ears drooped; 3 = head and ears drooped, dull eyes, and slightly lethargic; 4 = head and ears drooped, dull eyes, and lethargic; and 5 = severely lethargic; based on the scoring system described by [56].

²1 = normal; 2 = soft to loose; 3 = loose to watery; 4 = watery, mucous, and slightly bloody; and 5 = watery, mucous, and bloody; based on the scoring system described by [56].

³The odds ratio (OR) indicates the probability of having abnormal or elevated general appearance (≥2), diarrhea (≥3) or pneumonia for the experimental treatments (WM+MR vs. WM; WM+TM vs. WM; and WM+MR vs. WM+TM). If the OR is >1, a given liquid feed in the comparison is more likely to have elevated general appearance, diarrhea, or pneumonia than the other liquid feed by a factor of the difference above 1. If the OR is <1, a given liquid feed has a lower probability of occurrence than the other liquid feed.

⁴Confidence interval.