. 2024 Jun 25;7(6):e2417786. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.17786

Table 3. Associations of Baseline Features With Changes in Depression Severity in Separate Analyses for ECT and Ketamine Treatment Groups.

Treatment-by-time interaction	QIDS-SR16 as the measure^a			MADRS as the measure^b
Treatment-by-time interaction	F test	df ^c	P value	F test	df ^c	P value
ECT
NAART-35 standard score^d	1.79	6/901	.10	3.63	6/901	.001^e
MoCA score^f	0.62	6/913	.72	1.79	6/911	.10
HVLT-R delayed recall T score^g	2.02	6/913	.06	3.94	6/911	<.001^e
Concurrent benzodiazepine use	1.25	6/913	.28	0.87	6/912	.52
Concurrent atypical antipsychotic medication use	0.90	6/913	.50	0.94	6/912	.47
BMI	2.62	6/868	.02	0.28	6/867	.95
History of suicide attempt	2.28	6/913	.03	1.30	6/911	.26
Presence of anxious features	0.94	6/912	.47	0.70	6/911	.65
Comorbid PTSD diagnosis	1.34	6/912	.24	3.50	6/911	.002^e
Ketamine
NAART-35 standard score^d	1.21	6/1103	.30	0.57	6/1104	.76
MoCA score^f	2.08	6/1108	.05	2.17	6/1110	.04
HVLT-R delayed recall T score^g	1.34	6/1103	.24	0.54	6/1104	.78
Concurrent benzodiazepine use	0.41	6/1108	.88	1.18	6/1110	.32
Concurrent atypical antipsychotic medication use	0.67	6/1108	.68	0.90	6/1110	.50
BMI	2.95	6/1072	.01	2.88	6/1074	.009
History of suicide attempt	1.29	6/1108	.26	0.75	6/1109	.61
Presence of anxious features	0.20	6/1108	.98	1.86	6/1110	.09
Comorbid PTSD diagnosis	1.13	6/1108	.34	1.18	6/1110	.31

Abbreviations: BMI (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared); ECT, electroconvulsive therapy; HVLT-R, Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised; MADRS, Montgomery-Åsberg Depression Rating Scale; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; NAART-35, North American Adult Reading Test-35; PTSD, posttraumatic stress disorder; QIDS-SR16, 16-item Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology Self-Report.

^{^a}

Scores range from 0 to 27, with more than 20 indicating very severe depression.

^{^b}

A 10-item clinician-rated scale, ranging from 0 to 60, in which a score greater than 36 indicates very severe depression.

^{^c}

Presented as numerator df/denominator df.

^{^d}

Scores range from 57 to 113 in the ELEKT-D: Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) vs Ketamine in Patients With Treatment Resistant Depression (TRD) (ELEKT-D) trial, with higher scores indicating higher premorbid intelligence.

^{^e}

Significant after false discovery rate correction for multiple comparisons.

^{^f}

Scores range from 0 to 30, with higher scores indicating normal cognition.

^{^g}

Scores range from −11 to 62 in ELEKT-D, with higher scores indicating better functioning.