Table 2. Cohort Transplant Recipient Characteristics by Lung Recovery Location.
| Characteristic | Transplant recipients, No. (%) (N = 1657)a | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hospital-based DCU (n = 407) | Independent DCU (n = 1250) | ||
| Transplant programs, No./Total No.b | 56/71 (78.9) | 66/71 (92.3) | NA |
| Demographic characteristics | |||
| Transplant year, No./Total No. (%) | |||
| April to December 2017 | 26/99 (26.3) | 73/99 (73.7) | .001 |
| 2018 | 39/212 (18.4) | 173/212 (81.6) | |
| 2019 | 43/247 (17.4) | 204/247 (82.5) | |
| 2020 | 87/347 (25.1) | 260/347 (74.9) | |
| 2021 | 128/463 (27.6) | 335/463 (72.4) | |
| January to June 2022 | 84/289 (29.1) | 205/289 (70.9) | |
| Age, mean (SD), y | 59.5 (11.1) | 58.3 (12.1) | .07 |
| Sexc | |||
| Female | 138 (33.9) | 451 (36.1) | .43 |
| Male | 269 (66.1) | 799 (63.9) | |
| Race and ethnicityc | |||
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 6 (1.5) | 4 (0.3) | .003 |
| Asian | 23 (5.7) | 33 (2.6) | |
| Black | 37 (9.1) | 109 (8.7) | |
| Hispanic | 62 (15.2) | 147 (11.8) | |
| Multiracial | 4 (1.0) | 4 (0.3) | |
| Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander | 2 (0.5) | 2 (0.2) | |
| White | 273 (67.1) | 951 (76.1) | |
| Clinical characteristics | |||
| Height, median (IQR), cm | 170 (163-178) | 170 (163-178) | .30 |
| Body mass index, median (IQR)d | 26.4 (23.5-29.0) | 26.2 (22.7-29.3) | .46 |
| Diagnosis groupe | |||
| A. Obstructive | 88 (21.6) | 339 (27.1) | .01 |
| B. Pulmonary vascular | 19 (4.7) | 72 (5.8) | |
| C. Cystic fibrosis and immunodeficiency | 11 (2.7) | 60 (4.8) | |
| D. Restrictive | 289 (71.0) | 779 (62.3) | |
| Hospitalized before transplant | |||
| Hospitalized (ICU) | 76 (18.7) | 180 (14.4) | .06 |
| Hospitalized (non–ICU) | 49 (12.0) | 131 (10.5) | |
| Not hospitalized | 282 (69.3) | 939 (75.1) | |
| Systolic pulmonary artery pressure, mm Hg, median (IQR) | 38 (30-49) | 38 (32-48) | .69 |
| Serum creatinine, median (IQR), mg/dL | 0.8 (0.7-1.0) | 0.8 (0.7-1.0) | .07 |
| Serum bilirubin, median (IQR), mg/dL | 0.5 (0.3-0.7) | 0.5 (0.3-0.6) | .16 |
| 6-min Walk distance, median (IQR), ft | 688 (295-1017) | 767 (400-1050) | .04 |
| Unable to ambulate | 31 (7.6) | 123 (9.8) | .18 |
| Panel reactive antibodies at time of transplant, median (IQR), No. | 0 (0-7) | 0 (0-3) | .31 |
| Mechanical ventilation at time of transplant | 29 (7.1) | 81 (6.5) | .65 |
| Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation at time of transplant | 38 (9.3) | 99 (7.9) | .37 |
| Time on waitlist, median (range), d | 41 (15-122) | 37 (13-97) | .38 |
| Lung allocation score at transplant, median (IQR) | 39.0 (34.7-46.8) | 37.9 (34.0-45.7) | .02 |
| Transplant characteristics | |||
| Type of transplant | |||
| Single | 81 (19.9) | 283 (22.6) | .25 |
| Double | 326 (80.1) | 967 (77.4) | |
| Retransplantf | 9 (2.2) | 10 (0.8) | .02 |
| Total ischemic time, median (IQR), h | 5.5 (4.6-6.9) | 5.4 (4.4-6.6) | .16 |
| Extended criteria lung donorg | 174 (42.8) | 548 (43.8) | .70 |
| Height mismatch (donor height vs recipient height) | |||
| >15 cm Taller | 29 (7.1) | 109 (8.7) | .53 |
| 10-15 cm Taller | 41 (10.1) | 141 (11.3) | |
| 5-10 cm Taller | 64 (15.7) | 224 (17.9) | |
| Within 5 cm | 164 (40.3) | 445 (35.6) | |
| 5-10 cm Shorter | 57 (14.0) | 189 (15.1) | |
| 10-15 cm Shorter | 30 (7.4) | 88 (7.0) | |
| >15 cm Shorter | 22 (5.4) | 54 (4.3) | |
| Cytomegalovirus mismatch | |||
| Donor positive and recipient negative | 110 (27.0) | 318 (25.4) | .002 |
| Donor and recipient positive | 183 (45.0) | 485 (38.8) | |
| Donor negative | 111 (27.3) | 446 (35.7) | |
Abbreviations: DCU, donor care unit; ICU, intensive care unit; NA, not applicable.
SI conversion factors: To convert serum bilirubin to micromoles per liter, multiply by 17.104; serum creatinine to micromoles per liter, multiply by 88.4.
a
Included in graft survival analyses.
b
Some recipients’ transplant programs accepted donor lungs from both DCU types.
c
As classified by the Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network.13
d
Calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared.
e
Classified according to Valapour et al.17
f
Recipient with a history of at least 1 lung transplant before the study period.
g
As defined by Christie et al.18