trans-complementation of K186Q and ΔKRK. Pseudotype viruses were obtained by cotransfection of COS cells with pJD-1 and WT or mutant pNL43lucΔenv vector. In rescue experiments, pseudotype viruses were prepared by cotransfection with the pJD-1 vector and pairs of each of two different mutant pNL43lucΔenv vectors, indicated below the columns. For pairs of mutant and WT vectors, pNL43thyΔenv vector (61), which contains the WT IN and replaces the mouse thy1.2 gene with the luc gene, was used. Infection was performed as described for Fig. 3. A 1-ml aliquot of each virus was inoculated into 5 × 104 RD cells. At 3 days postinfection, the entire culture was harvested and subjected to the luciferase assay as described in Fig. 3. Luciferase activity was determined after subtraction of background level.