Figure 5.

Activation of ERK, p38, and JNK via SH results in Nrf2 translocation. RAW 264.7 cells were treated with SH (20 mg/mL) at various times, and kinase activity was determined with immunoblot assay (A). Cells were treated with optimized SH extract and specific inhibitors, SP600125 (JNK inhibitor) and U0123 (ERK), for 1 h, and HO-1 protein levels were analyzed via Western blot analysis. Red: 0 min; green: 15 min; blue: 30 min; purple: 45 min, paste: 60 min, and gray: 120 min (B); the production of ROS; red: non-treated; orange: sample; yellow: sample with ERK inhibitor, green: sample with JNK inhibitor. (C) and the relative protein expression were quantified using Image J software gray: model control, red: SH; light gray: SH+ERK inhibitor, and sky:SH+JNK inhibitor. Differences in the alphabetic letters represent statistical significance (p < 0.05) to one another.