| COPD | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| AAT | alpha-1 antitrypsin |
| FEV1 | forced expiratory volume in 1 s |
| FVC | forced expiratory volume |
| TNF | tumor necrosis factor |
| MMP | matrix metalloproteinase |
| MP | mass spectrometry |
| 2-DE | two-dimensional gel electrophoresis |
| LC-MS/MS | liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry |
| FFE | free-flow electrophoresis |
| CRP | C-reactive protein |
| PCT | procalcitonin |
| NE | neutrophil elastase |
| GOLD | global initiative for chronic obstructive lung disease |
| CRF | case report form |
| BMI | body mass index |
| WHO | The World Health Organization |